FRANCISCO PORTO FERNANDES

 .

A crise na habitação

             e a lei da oferta

                      e da procura

A desigualdade no acesso à habitação não se manifesta nem ameaça apenas a noção de propriedade e de direito ao lar, como é já hoje um forte inibidor do acesso à educação.

𝖠 𝖼𝗋𝗂𝗌𝖾 𝖽𝖺 𝗁𝖺𝖻𝗂𝗍𝖺𝖼̧𝖺̃𝗈 𝗃𝖺́ 𝖺𝗆𝖾𝖺𝖼̧𝖺 𝖺 𝖴𝗇𝗂𝖺̃𝗈 𝖤𝗎𝗋𝗈𝗉𝖾𝗂𝖺. 𝖮 𝖺𝗇𝗎́𝗇𝖼𝗂𝗈 𝖽𝖺 𝖽𝖾𝗌𝗂𝗀𝗇𝖺𝖼̧𝖺̃𝗈 𝖽𝖾 𝗎𝗆 𝖼𝗈𝗆𝗂𝗌𝗌𝖺́𝗋𝗂𝗈 𝗉𝖺𝗋𝖺 𝖺 𝖧𝖺𝖻𝗂𝗍𝖺𝖼̧𝖺̃𝗈 𝗉𝗈𝗋 𝗉𝖺𝗋𝗍𝖾 𝖽𝖺 𝗉𝗋𝖾𝗌𝗂𝖽𝖾𝗇𝗍𝖾 𝖽𝖺 𝖢𝗈𝗆𝗂𝗌𝗌𝖺̃𝗈 𝖤𝗎𝗋𝗈𝗉𝖾𝗂𝖺, 𝖴𝗋𝗌𝗎𝗅𝖺 𝗏𝗈𝗇 𝖽𝖾𝗋 𝖫𝖾𝗒𝖾𝗇, 𝗇𝗈 𝗌𝖾𝗎 𝖽𝗂𝗌𝖼𝗎𝗋𝗌𝗈 𝖽𝖾 𝗋𝖾𝖾𝗅𝖾𝗂𝖼̧𝖺̃𝗈 𝖾́ 𝖽𝗂𝗌𝗌𝗈 𝗆𝖾𝗌𝗆𝗈 𝗎𝗆 𝖾𝗑𝖾𝗆𝗉𝗅𝗈. 𝖤𝗌𝗍𝖾 𝖿𝖾𝗇𝗈́𝗆𝖾𝗇𝗈 𝖾𝗌𝗍𝖺́ 𝗉𝖺𝗋𝗍𝗂𝖼𝗎𝗅𝖺𝗋𝗆𝖾𝗇𝗍𝖾 𝖺𝗀𝗋𝖺𝗏𝖺𝖽𝗈 𝖾𝗆 𝖯𝗈𝗋𝗍𝗎𝗀𝖺𝗅 𝖾 𝗍𝖾𝗆 𝖺𝖿𝖾𝗍𝖺𝖽𝗈 𝖺𝗌 𝗉𝖾𝗌𝗌𝗈𝖺𝗌 𝖽𝖾 𝖿𝗈𝗋𝗆𝖺 𝗆𝗎𝗂𝗍𝗈 𝖽𝖾𝗌𝗂𝗀𝗎𝖺𝗅. 𝖰𝗎𝖾𝗆 𝗃𝖺́ 𝗍𝖾𝗆 𝗁𝖺𝖻𝗂𝗍𝖺𝖼̧𝖺̃𝗈 𝖾𝗌𝗍𝖺́ 𝗆𝖺𝗂𝗌 𝗋𝗂𝖼𝗈 𝗉𝖾𝗅𝗈 𝖺𝗎𝗆𝖾𝗇𝗍𝗈 𝖽𝗈 𝗏𝖺𝗅𝗈𝗋 𝖽𝗈 𝗂𝗆𝗈́𝗏𝖾𝗅, 𝖾𝗇𝗊𝗎𝖺𝗇𝗍𝗈 𝗊𝗎𝖾𝗆 𝗉𝗋𝗈𝖼𝗎𝗋𝖺 𝖼𝖺𝗌𝖺 𝗇𝖺̃𝗈 𝖼𝗈𝗇𝗌𝖾𝗀𝗎𝖾 𝖾𝗇𝖼𝗈𝗇𝗍𝗋𝖺𝗋 𝗁𝖺𝖻𝗂𝗍𝖺𝖼̧𝖺̃𝗈 𝖺 𝗎𝗆 𝖼𝗎𝗌𝗍𝗈 𝖼𝗈𝗆𝗉𝖺𝗍𝗂́𝗏𝖾𝗅 𝖼𝗈𝗆 𝗈𝗌 𝗌𝖾𝗎𝗌 𝗋𝖾𝗇𝖽𝗂𝗆𝖾𝗇𝗍𝗈𝗌. 𝖭𝖺𝗍𝗎𝗋𝖺𝗅𝗆𝖾𝗇𝗍𝖾 𝗊𝗎𝖾 𝗈𝗌 𝗃𝗈𝗏𝖾𝗇𝗌 𝗌𝖺̃𝗈, 𝗉𝗈𝗋 𝗂𝗌𝗌𝗈, 𝖺𝗌 𝗉𝗋𝗂𝗇𝖼𝗂𝗉𝖺𝗂𝗌 𝗏𝗂́𝗍𝗂𝗆𝖺𝗌 𝖽𝖺 𝖼𝗋𝗂𝗌𝖾 𝖽𝖺 𝗁𝖺𝖻𝗂𝗍𝖺𝖼̧𝖺̃𝗈.

𝖠 𝖽𝖾𝗌𝗂𝗀𝗎𝖺𝗅𝖽𝖺𝖽𝖾 𝗇𝗈 𝖺𝖼𝖾𝗌𝗌𝗈 𝖺̀ 𝗁𝖺𝖻𝗂𝗍𝖺𝖼̧𝖺̃𝗈 𝗇𝖺̃𝗈 𝗌𝖾 𝗆𝖺𝗇𝗂𝖿𝖾𝗌𝗍𝖺 𝗇𝖾𝗆 𝖺𝗆𝖾𝖺𝖼̧𝖺 𝖺𝗉𝖾𝗇𝖺𝗌 𝖺 𝗇𝗈𝖼̧𝖺̃𝗈 𝖽𝖾 𝗉𝗋𝗈𝗉𝗋𝗂𝖾𝖽𝖺𝖽𝖾 𝖾 𝖽𝖾 𝖽𝗂𝗋𝖾𝗂𝗍𝗈 𝖺𝗈 𝗅𝖺𝗋, 𝖼𝗈𝗆𝗈 𝖾́ 𝗃𝖺́ 𝗁𝗈𝗃𝖾 𝗎𝗆 𝖿𝗈𝗋𝗍𝖾 𝗂𝗇𝗂𝖻𝗂𝖽𝗈𝗋 𝖽𝗈 𝖺𝖼𝖾𝗌𝗌𝗈 𝖺̀ 𝖾𝖽𝗎𝖼𝖺𝖼̧𝖺̃𝗈. 𝖣𝗎𝗋𝖺𝗇𝗍𝖾 𝗈𝗌 𝖾𝗌𝗍𝗎𝖽𝗈𝗌, 𝖾́ 𝗉𝗋𝖺𝗍𝗂𝖼𝖺𝗆𝖾𝗇𝗍𝖾 𝗂𝗆𝗉𝗈𝗌𝗌𝗂́𝗏𝖾𝗅 𝖾𝗇𝖼𝗈𝗇𝗍𝗋𝖺𝗋 𝗎𝗆 𝗊𝗎𝖺𝗋𝗍𝗈 𝗇𝗈 𝖯𝗈𝗋𝗍𝗈 𝗈𝗎 𝖾𝗆 𝖫𝗂𝗌𝖻𝗈𝖺 𝗉𝗈𝗋 𝗆𝖾𝗇𝗈𝗌 𝖽𝖾 𝟦𝟧𝟢 𝖾𝗎𝗋𝗈𝗌. 𝖩𝖺́ 𝗊𝗎𝖺𝗇𝖽𝗈 𝗌𝖾 𝖾𝗆𝖺𝗇𝖼𝗂𝗉𝖺𝗆, 𝗈𝗌 𝗃𝗈𝗏𝖾𝗇𝗌 𝖽𝖾𝗉𝖺𝗋𝖺𝗆-𝗌𝖾 𝖼𝗈𝗆 𝗎𝗆 𝗆𝖾𝗋𝖼𝖺𝖽𝗈 𝗈𝗇𝖽𝖾 𝗎𝗆 𝖳𝟣 𝗇𝗈 𝖯𝗈𝗋𝗍𝗈 𝗉𝗈𝖽𝖾 𝖼𝗎𝗌𝗍𝖺𝗋 𝖿𝖺𝖼𝗂𝗅𝗆𝖾𝗇𝗍𝖾 𝗆𝗂𝗅 𝖾𝗎𝗋𝗈𝗌, 𝗈 𝗊𝗎𝖾 𝖾́ 𝗂𝗇𝗌𝗎𝗌𝗍𝖾𝗇𝗍𝖺́𝗏𝖾𝗅 𝗉𝖺𝗋𝖺 𝗈𝗌 𝟩𝟧% 𝖽𝗈𝗌 𝗃𝗈𝗏𝖾𝗇𝗌 𝗊𝗎𝖾 𝗀𝖺𝗇𝗁𝖺𝗆 𝗆𝖾𝗇𝗈𝗌 𝖽𝗈 𝗊𝗎𝖾 𝗂𝗌𝗌𝗈. 𝖬𝖾𝖽𝗂𝖽𝖺𝗌 𝖼𝗈𝗆𝗈 𝖺 𝗂𝗌𝖾𝗇𝖼̧𝖺̃𝗈 𝖽𝖾 𝖨𝖬𝖳 𝖾 𝖽𝗈 𝗂𝗆𝗉𝗈𝗌𝗍𝗈 𝖽𝖾 𝗌𝖾𝗅𝗈 𝖾 𝗀𝖺𝗋𝖺𝗇𝗍𝗂𝖺𝗌 𝖻𝖺𝗇𝖼𝖺́𝗋𝗂𝖺𝗌 𝗌𝖺̃𝗈, 𝗉𝗈𝗋 𝗂𝗌𝗌𝗈, 𝖼𝗋𝗎𝖼𝗂𝖺𝗂𝗌 𝗉𝖺𝗋𝖺 𝖺𝗅𝗂𝗏𝗂𝖺𝗋 𝖾𝗌𝗍𝖾 𝖿𝖺𝗋𝖽𝗈.

𝖨𝗆𝗉𝗈𝗋𝗍𝖺, 𝗉𝗈𝗋 𝗂𝗌𝗌𝗈, 𝗇𝖾𝗌𝗍𝖾 𝗆𝗈𝗆𝖾𝗇𝗍𝗈 𝗋𝖾𝖿𝗅𝖾𝗍𝗂𝗋 𝗊𝗎𝖺𝗂𝗌 𝗈𝗌 𝗆𝗈𝗍𝗂𝗏𝗈𝗌 𝗊𝗎𝖾 𝗍𝗈𝗋𝗇𝖺𝗆 𝗈 𝖼𝗎𝗆𝗉𝗋𝗂𝗆𝖾𝗇𝗍𝗈 𝖽𝗈 𝖺𝗋𝗍𝗂𝗀𝗈 𝟨𝟧º 𝖽𝖺 𝖢𝗈𝗇𝗌𝗍𝗂𝗍𝗎𝗂𝖼̧𝖺̃𝗈 𝖽𝖺 𝖱𝖾𝗉𝗎́𝖻𝗅𝗂𝖼𝖺, 𝗂𝗌𝗍𝗈 𝖾́, 𝗈 𝖽𝗂𝗋𝖾𝗂𝗍𝗈 𝖺̀ 𝗁𝖺𝖻𝗂𝗍𝖺𝖼̧𝖺̃𝗈 𝖽𝗂𝗀𝗇𝖺 𝖼𝖺𝖽𝖺 𝗏𝖾𝗓 𝗆𝖺𝗂𝗌 𝖼𝗈𝗆𝗉𝗅𝗂𝖼𝖺𝖽𝗈. 𝖠 𝗉𝗋𝗂𝗇𝖼𝗂𝗉𝖺𝗅 𝗋𝖾𝗌𝗉𝗈𝗇𝗌𝖺́𝗏𝖾𝗅 𝖾́ 𝖺 𝖿𝖺𝗅𝗍𝖺 𝖽𝖾 𝗈𝖿𝖾𝗋𝗍𝖺, 𝖺𝗀𝗋𝖺𝗏𝖺𝖽𝖺 𝖾𝗆 𝖺𝗅𝗀𝗎𝗆𝖺𝗌 𝗋𝖾𝗀𝗂𝗈̃𝖾𝗌 𝖽𝗈 𝗉𝖺𝗂́𝗌 𝗉𝖾𝗅𝗈 𝖾𝗑𝖼𝖾𝗌𝗌𝗈 𝖽𝖾 𝗍𝗎𝗋𝗂𝗌𝗆𝗈.

𝖰𝗎𝖺𝗅𝗊𝗎𝖾𝗋 𝖾𝗌𝗍𝗎𝖽𝖺𝗇𝗍𝖾 𝖽𝖾 𝖤𝖼𝗈𝗇𝗈𝗆𝗂𝖺 𝖺𝗉𝗋𝖾𝗇𝖽𝖾 𝗇𝖺 𝗉𝗋𝗂𝗆𝖾𝗂𝗋𝖺 𝗌𝖾𝗆𝖺𝗇𝖺 𝖽𝖾 𝖺𝗎𝗅𝖺𝗌 𝗊𝗎𝖾 𝗊𝗎𝖺𝗇𝖽𝗈 𝖺 𝗉𝗋𝗈𝖼𝗎𝗋𝖺 𝖺𝗎𝗆𝖾𝗇𝗍𝖺 𝗌𝖾𝗆 𝗊𝗎𝖾 𝖺 𝗈𝖿𝖾𝗋𝗍𝖺 𝖺𝖼𝗈𝗆𝗉𝖺𝗇𝗁𝖾, 𝗈𝗌 𝗉𝗋𝖾𝖼̧𝗈𝗌 𝗌𝗈𝖻𝖾𝗆. 𝖥𝗈𝗂 𝖾𝗑𝖺𝗍𝖺𝗆𝖾𝗇𝗍𝖾 𝗈 𝗊𝗎𝖾 𝖺𝖼𝗈𝗇𝗍𝖾𝖼𝖾𝗎 𝗇𝗈 𝗆𝖾𝗋𝖼𝖺𝖽𝗈 𝖽𝖺 𝗁𝖺𝖻𝗂𝗍𝖺𝖼̧𝖺̃𝗈.

𝖭𝗈𝗌 𝗎́𝗅𝗍𝗂𝗆𝗈𝗌 𝖺𝗇𝗈𝗌, 𝗍𝖾𝗆𝗈𝗌 𝖺𝗌𝗌𝗂𝗌𝗍𝗂𝖽𝗈 𝖺 𝗎𝗆𝖺 𝖿𝗈𝗋𝗍𝖾 𝗊𝗎𝖾𝖽𝖺 𝗇𝖺 𝖼𝗈𝗇𝗌𝗍𝗋𝗎𝖼̧𝖺̃𝗈 𝖽𝖾 𝗇𝗈𝗏𝖺𝗌 𝖼𝖺𝗌𝖺𝗌 – 𝖾𝗇𝗍𝗋𝖾 𝟤𝟢𝟢𝟢 𝖾 𝟤𝟢𝟤𝟢, 𝗈 𝗇𝗎́𝗆𝖾𝗋𝗈 𝖽𝖾 𝖼𝗈𝗇𝗌𝗍𝗋𝗎𝖼̧𝗈̃𝖾𝗌 𝖼𝖺𝗂𝗎 𝖼𝖾𝗋𝖼𝖺 𝖽𝖾 𝟪𝟧%. 𝖤𝗌𝗌𝖾 𝖽𝖾𝖼𝗅𝗂́𝗇𝗂𝗈 𝗉𝗈𝖽𝖾 𝗌𝖾𝗋 𝗃𝗎𝗌𝗍𝗂𝖿𝗂𝖼𝖺𝖽𝗈 𝖾𝗆 𝗀𝗋𝖺𝗇𝖽𝖾 𝗉𝖺𝗋𝗍𝖾 𝗉𝖾𝗅𝖺 𝖼𝗋𝗂𝗌𝖾 𝖿𝗂𝗇𝖺𝗇𝖼𝖾𝗂𝗋𝖺, 𝗉𝖾𝗋𝗂́𝗈𝖽𝗈 𝖾𝗆 𝗊𝗎𝖾 𝗈𝗌 𝗉𝗋𝖾𝖼̧𝗈𝗌 𝖽𝖺𝗌 𝖼𝖺𝗌𝖺𝗌 𝖽𝖾𝗌𝖼𝖾𝗋𝖺𝗆 𝖾 𝗈𝗌 𝖻𝖺𝗇𝖼𝗈𝗌 𝗍𝗂𝗇𝗁𝖺𝗆 𝗎𝗆 𝗀𝗋𝖺𝗇𝖽𝖾 𝗌𝗍𝗈𝖼𝗄 𝖽𝖾 𝗂𝗆𝗈́𝗏𝖾𝗂𝗌 𝗉𝖺𝗋𝖺 𝖾𝗌𝖼𝗈𝖺𝗋 – 𝖾𝗆 𝗋𝖾𝗌𝗎𝗅𝗍𝖺𝖽𝗈 𝖽𝖾 𝖾𝗆𝗉𝗋𝖾́𝗌𝗍𝗂𝗆𝗈𝗌 𝗊𝗎𝖾 𝖿𝗂𝖼𝖺𝗋𝖺𝗆 𝗉𝗈𝗋 𝗉𝖺𝗀𝖺𝗋 – 𝗈 𝗊𝗎𝖾 𝖿𝖾𝗓 𝖼𝗈𝗆 𝗊𝗎𝖾 𝖺𝗌 𝗇𝗈𝗏𝖺𝗌 𝖼𝗈𝗇𝗌𝗍𝗋𝗎𝖼̧𝗈̃𝖾𝗌 𝗇𝖺̃𝗈 𝖿𝗈𝗌𝗌𝖾𝗆 𝗅𝗎𝖼𝗋𝖺𝗍𝗂𝗏𝖺𝗌.

𝖬𝗎𝗂𝗍𝖺𝗌 𝖼𝗈𝗇𝗌𝗍𝗋𝗎𝗍𝗈𝗋𝖺𝗌 𝗍𝗂𝗏𝖾𝗋𝖺𝗆 𝖽𝗂𝖿𝗂𝖼𝗎𝗅𝖽𝖺𝖽𝖾𝗌, 𝖾 𝖺𝗅𝗀𝗎𝗆𝖺𝗌 𝖺𝗍𝖾́ 𝖿𝖺𝗅𝗂𝗋𝖺𝗆. 𝖤𝗆 𝖺𝗅𝗀𝗎𝗇𝗌 𝖼𝖺𝗌𝗈𝗌, 𝗈 𝗄𝗇𝗈𝗐-𝗁𝗈𝗐 𝖽𝖾 𝖼𝗈𝗇𝗌𝗍𝗋𝗎𝖼̧𝖺̃𝗈 𝖿𝗈𝗂 𝖾𝗆 𝗉𝖺𝗋𝗍𝖾 𝗈𝗎 𝗇𝖺 𝗍𝗈𝗍𝖺𝗅𝗂𝖽𝖺𝖽𝖾 𝖽𝖾𝗌𝗅𝗈𝖼𝖺𝗅𝗂𝗓𝖺𝖽𝗈 𝖽𝖾 𝖯𝗈𝗋𝗍𝗎𝗀𝖺𝗅 𝗉𝖺𝗋𝖺 𝗈𝗎𝗍𝗋𝖺𝗌 𝖾𝖼𝗈𝗇𝗈𝗆𝗂𝖺𝗌 𝗈 𝗊𝗎𝖾 𝖼𝗈𝗇𝖽𝗂𝖼𝗂𝗈𝗇𝖺 𝖺 𝗂𝗇𝖽𝗎́𝗌𝗍𝗋𝗂𝖺 𝖺𝗍𝗎𝖺𝗅𝗆𝖾𝗇𝗍𝖾 𝗉𝖾𝗅𝖺 𝖿𝖺𝗅𝗍𝖺 𝖽𝖾 𝗆𝖺̃𝗈 𝖽𝖾 𝗈𝖻𝗋𝖺 𝗊𝗎𝖺𝗅𝗂𝖿𝗂𝖼𝖺𝖽𝖺 𝖾 𝖽𝖾 𝖾𝗆𝗉𝗋𝖾𝗌𝖺𝗌 𝖾 𝗂𝗇𝗏𝖾𝗌𝗍𝗂𝖽𝗈𝗋𝖾𝗌.

𝖭𝗈 𝗉𝗈́𝗌-𝖼𝗋𝗂𝗌𝖾, 𝖺 𝗋𝖾𝖼𝗎𝗉𝖾𝗋𝖺𝖼̧𝖺̃𝗈 𝖽𝗈 𝗌𝖾𝗍𝗈𝗋 𝖿𝗈𝗂 𝗆𝗎𝗂𝗍𝗈 𝗅𝖾𝗇𝗍𝖺, 𝖼𝗈𝗆 𝗉𝗈𝗎𝖼𝖺 𝖼𝖺𝗉𝖺𝖼𝗂𝖽𝖺𝖽𝖾 𝗈𝗉𝖾𝗋𝖺𝖼𝗂𝗈𝗇𝖺𝗅 𝗉𝖺𝗋𝖺 𝗋𝖾𝗍𝗈𝗆𝖺𝗋 𝖺 𝖼𝗈𝗇𝗌𝗍𝗋𝗎𝖼̧𝖺̃𝗈 𝖽𝖾 𝗂𝗆𝖾𝖽𝗂𝖺𝗍𝗈 𝖾, 𝖼𝗈𝗆𝗈 𝗌𝖾 𝗌𝖺𝖻𝖾, 𝗈𝗌 𝖼𝗂𝖼𝗅𝗈𝗌 𝖽𝖾 𝖼𝗈𝗇𝗌𝗍𝗋𝗎𝖼̧𝖺̃𝗈 𝗌𝖺̃𝗈 𝗆𝗎𝗂𝗍𝗈 𝗅𝗈𝗇𝗀𝗈𝗌. 𝖣𝖾𝗌𝖽𝖾 𝖺 𝖺𝗉𝗋𝗈𝗏𝖺𝖼̧𝖺̃𝗈 𝖽𝗈 𝗂𝗇𝗏𝖾𝗌𝗍𝗂𝗆𝖾𝗇𝗍𝗈, 𝖺𝗍𝖾́ 𝖺𝗈 𝗅𝗂𝖼𝖾𝗇𝖼𝗂𝖺𝗆𝖾𝗇𝗍𝗈 𝖾 𝖼𝗈𝗇𝗌𝗍𝗋𝗎𝖼̧𝖺̃𝗈 𝖿𝗂𝗇𝖺𝗅 𝗉𝖺𝗌𝗌𝖺 𝗆𝗎𝗂𝗍𝗈 𝗍𝖾𝗆𝗉𝗈.

𝖴𝗆𝖺 𝖾𝗆𝗉𝗋𝖾𝗌𝖺 𝗊𝗎𝖾 𝖽𝖾𝖼𝗂𝖽𝖺 𝗁𝗈𝗃𝖾 𝖼𝗈𝗇𝗌𝗍𝗋𝗎𝗂𝗋 𝗇𝗈𝗏𝖺𝗌 𝖼𝖺𝗌𝖺𝗌, 𝗉𝖺𝗋𝖺 𝗋𝖾𝗌𝗉𝗈𝗇𝖽𝖾𝗋 𝖺𝗈 𝖺𝗎𝗆𝖾𝗇𝗍𝗈 𝖽𝖺 𝗉𝗋𝗈𝖼𝗎𝗋𝖺, 𝖺𝗉𝖾𝗇𝖺𝗌 𝗍𝖾𝗋𝖺́ 𝖺𝗌 𝖼𝖺𝗌𝖺𝗌 𝗉𝗋𝗈𝗇𝗍𝖺𝗌 𝖺𝗅𝗀𝗎𝗇𝗌 𝖺𝗇𝗈𝗌 𝖽𝖾𝗉𝗈𝗂𝗌. 𝖤𝗌𝗍𝖺 𝖽𝖾𝗆𝗈𝗋𝖺 𝖽𝖾𝗏𝖾-𝗌𝖾, 𝖾𝗆 𝗉𝖺𝗋𝗍𝖾, 𝖺̀ 𝗇𝖺𝗍𝗎𝗋𝖾𝗓𝖺 𝖽𝗈 𝗇𝖾𝗀𝗈́𝖼𝗂𝗈 𝖽𝖺 𝗁𝖺𝖻𝗂𝗍𝖺𝖼̧𝖺̃𝗈, 𝗆𝖺𝗌 𝖾́ 𝗍𝖺𝗆𝖻𝖾́𝗆 𝖺𝗀𝗋𝖺𝗏𝖺𝖽𝖺 𝗉𝖾𝗅𝗈𝗌 𝗅𝗂𝖼𝖾𝗇𝖼𝗂𝖺𝗆𝖾𝗇𝗍𝗈𝗌 𝖾 𝗆𝗈𝗋𝗈𝗌𝗂𝖽𝖺𝖽𝖾 𝖽𝗈𝗌 𝗉𝗋𝗈𝖼𝖾𝗌𝗌𝗈𝗌 𝗁𝗂𝗉𝖾𝗋-𝖻𝗎𝗋𝗈𝖼𝗋𝖺́𝗍𝗂𝖼𝗈𝗌 𝖾 𝖺𝖼𝖾𝗌𝗌𝗈 𝖺𝗈 𝖼𝗋𝖾́𝖽𝗂𝗍𝗈 𝗅𝗂𝗆𝗂𝗍𝖺𝖽𝗈 𝗉𝗈𝗋 𝗉𝖺𝗋𝗍𝖾 𝖽𝖾 𝗎𝗆𝖺 𝖻𝖺𝗇𝖼𝖺 𝗇𝖺𝖼𝗂𝗈𝗇𝖺𝗅 𝖺𝗏𝖾𝗌𝗌𝖺 𝖺𝗈 𝗂𝗇𝗏𝖾𝗌𝗍𝗂𝗆𝖾𝗇𝗍𝗈 𝖾 𝖺𝗉𝗈𝗂𝗈 𝖺̀ 𝗂𝗇𝖽𝗎́𝗌𝗍𝗋𝗂𝖺 𝖾 “𝗏𝗂𝖼𝗂𝖺𝖽𝖺” 𝗇𝗈 𝗇𝖾𝗀𝗈́𝖼𝗂𝗈 𝖿𝖺́𝖼𝗂𝗅 𝖽𝗈 𝖾𝗆𝗉𝗋𝖾́𝗌𝗍𝗂𝗆𝗈 𝖺̀ 𝗁𝖺𝖻𝗂𝗍𝖺𝖼̧𝖺̃𝗈.

𝖠𝗂𝗇𝖽𝖺 𝖺𝗌𝗌𝗂𝗆, 𝖯𝗈𝗋𝗍𝗎𝗀𝖺𝗅 𝖾́ 𝗈 𝗉𝖺𝗂́𝗌 𝖼𝗈𝗆 𝗆𝖺𝗂𝗌 𝖼𝖺𝗌𝖺𝗌 𝗉𝗈𝗋 𝖼𝖺𝖽𝖺 𝗆𝗂𝗅 𝗁𝖺𝖻𝗂𝗍𝖺𝗇𝗍𝖾𝗌, 𝖼𝗈𝗆 𝟧,𝟪𝟧𝟫 𝗆𝗂𝗅𝗁𝗈̃𝖾𝗌 𝖽𝖾 𝖿𝗈𝗀𝗈𝗌, 𝗌𝖾𝗀𝗎𝗇𝖽𝗈 𝖺 𝖮𝖢𝖣𝖤 𝗊𝗎𝖾 𝖺𝗇𝖺𝗅𝗂𝗌𝗈𝗎 𝗈𝗌 𝖽𝖺𝖽𝗈𝗌 𝖽𝖾 𝟧𝟢 𝗉𝖺𝗂́𝗌𝖾𝗌. 𝖢𝗈𝗇𝗍𝗎𝖽𝗈, 𝟣𝟤,𝟧% 𝖽𝖾𝗌𝗌𝖺𝗌 𝖼𝖺𝗌𝖺𝗌, 𝖼𝖾𝗋𝖼𝖺 𝖽𝖾 𝟩𝟧𝟢 𝗆𝗂𝗅, 𝖾𝗌𝗍𝖺̃𝗈 𝗏𝖺𝗓𝗂𝖺𝗌, 𝖺𝗂𝗇𝖽𝖺 𝗊𝗎𝖾 𝗆𝗎𝗂𝗍𝖺𝗌 𝖽𝖾𝗅𝖺𝗌 𝖾𝗌𝗍𝖾𝗃𝖺𝗆 𝖾𝗆 𝖺́𝗋𝖾𝖺𝗌 𝖽𝖾𝗌𝗉𝗈𝗏𝗈𝖺𝖽𝖺𝗌. 𝖠𝗅𝖾́𝗆 𝖽𝗂𝗌𝗌𝗈, 𝖯𝗈𝗋𝗍𝗎𝗀𝖺𝗅 𝗍𝖾𝗆 𝖺 𝗆𝖾𝗇𝗈𝗋 𝗉𝖾𝗋𝖼𝖾𝗇𝗍𝖺𝗀𝖾𝗆 𝖽𝖾 𝖿𝗈𝗀𝗈𝗌 𝖽𝖾 𝗁𝖺𝖻𝗂𝗍𝖺𝖼̧𝖺̃𝗈 𝗉𝗎́𝖻𝗅𝗂𝖼𝖺 𝗇𝖺 𝖤𝗎𝗋𝗈𝗉𝖺 𝗇𝗈 𝖼𝗈𝗇𝗃𝗎𝗇𝗍𝗈 𝖽𝗈 𝗉𝖺𝗋𝗊𝗎𝖾 𝗁𝖺𝖻𝗂𝗍𝖺𝖼𝗂𝗈𝗇𝖺𝗅, 𝖼𝖾𝗋𝖼𝖺 𝖽𝖾 𝟤%. 𝖤́, 𝗉𝗈𝗋𝗍𝖺𝗇𝗍𝗈, 𝗇𝖾𝖼𝖾𝗌𝗌𝖺́𝗋𝗂𝗈 𝖺𝗎𝗆𝖾𝗇𝗍𝖺𝗋 𝖺 𝗈𝖿𝖾𝗋𝗍𝖺, 𝗆𝖺𝗌 𝗈 𝗉𝖺𝗌𝗌𝖺𝖽𝗈 𝗆𝗈𝗌𝗍𝗋𝖺 𝗊𝗎𝖾 𝗇𝖺̃𝗈 𝗁𝖺𝗏𝖾𝗋𝖺́ 𝗆𝗂𝗅𝖺𝗀𝗋𝖾𝗌: 𝗈 𝗎́𝗅𝗍𝗂𝗆𝗈 𝗀𝗋𝖺𝗇𝖽𝖾 𝗉𝗋𝗈𝗀𝗋𝖺𝗆𝖺 𝖽𝖾 𝗁𝖺𝖻𝗂𝗍𝖺𝖼̧𝖺̃𝗈 𝗉𝗎́𝖻𝗅𝗂𝖼𝖺, 𝗈 “𝖯𝗋𝗈𝗀𝗋𝖺𝗆𝖺 𝖽𝖾 𝖤𝗋𝗋𝖺𝖽𝗂𝖼𝖺𝖼̧𝖺̃𝗈 𝖽𝖾 𝖡𝖺𝗋𝗋𝖺𝖼𝖺𝗌” 𝗅𝖾𝗏𝗈𝗎 𝖽𝖾𝗓 𝖺𝗇𝗈𝗌 𝗉𝖺𝗋𝖺 𝖼𝗈𝗇𝗌𝗍𝗋𝗎𝗂𝗋 𝖼𝖾𝗋𝖼𝖺 𝖽𝖾 𝟥𝟦 𝗆𝗂𝗅 𝖿𝗈𝗀𝗈𝗌.

𝖣𝗈 𝗅𝖺𝖽𝗈 𝖽𝖺 𝗉𝗋𝗈𝖼𝗎𝗋𝖺 𝗁𝖺𝖻𝗂𝗍𝖺𝖼𝗂𝗈𝗇𝖺𝗅 𝗌𝗎𝗋𝗀𝗂𝗎, 𝗇𝗈𝗌 𝗎́𝗅𝗍𝗂𝗆𝗈𝗌 𝖽𝖾𝗓 𝖺𝗇𝗈𝗌, 𝗈 𝖿𝖾𝗇𝗈́𝗆𝖾𝗇𝗈 𝖽𝗈 𝗍𝗎𝗋𝗂𝗌𝗆𝗈 𝖽𝖾 𝗆𝖺𝗌𝗌𝖺𝗌. 𝖮 𝗍𝗎𝗋𝗂𝗌𝗆𝗈 𝖾́ 𝗁𝗈𝗃𝖾 𝗈 𝗉𝗋𝗂𝗇𝖼𝗂𝗉𝖺𝗅 𝗆𝗈𝗍𝗈𝗋 𝖽𝖺 𝖾𝖼𝗈𝗇𝗈𝗆𝗂𝖺 𝗉𝗈𝗋𝗍𝗎𝗀𝗎𝖾𝗌𝖺, 𝗋𝖾𝗉𝗋𝖾𝗌𝖾𝗇𝗍𝖺𝗇𝖽𝗈 𝟦𝟪% 𝖽𝗈 𝖼𝗋𝖾𝗌𝖼𝗂𝗆𝖾𝗇𝗍𝗈 𝖾𝖼𝗈𝗇𝗈́𝗆𝗂𝖼𝗈 𝖾𝗆 𝟤𝟢𝟤𝟥, 𝗌𝖾𝗀𝗎𝗇𝖽𝗈 𝗈 𝖨𝗇𝗌𝗍𝗂𝗍𝗎𝗍𝗈 𝖭𝖺𝖼𝗂𝗈𝗇𝖺𝗅 𝖽𝖾 𝖤𝗌𝗍𝖺𝗍𝗂́𝗌𝗍𝗂𝖼𝖺.

𝖤𝗆𝖻𝗈𝗋𝖺 𝗌𝖾𝗃𝖺 𝗈 “𝗀𝖺𝗇𝗁𝖺-𝗉𝖺̃𝗈” 𝖽𝖾 𝗆𝗎𝗂𝗍𝖺𝗌 𝖿𝖺𝗆𝗂́𝗅𝗂𝖺𝗌 𝖽𝖾 𝖼𝗅𝖺𝗌𝗌𝖾 𝗆𝖾́𝖽𝗂𝖺 𝖾 𝗍𝖾𝗇𝗁𝖺 𝗉𝖾𝗋𝗆𝗂𝗍𝗂𝖽𝗈 𝖺 𝗋𝖾𝗊𝗎𝖺𝗅𝗂𝖿𝗂𝖼𝖺𝖼̧𝖺̃𝗈 𝖽𝗈 𝗇𝗈𝗌𝗌𝗈 𝗍𝖾𝗋𝗋𝗂𝗍𝗈́𝗋𝗂𝗈, 𝖺 𝖽𝖾𝗉𝖾𝗇𝖽𝖾̂𝗇𝖼𝗂𝖺 𝖾𝗑𝖼𝖾𝗌𝗌𝗂𝗏𝖺 𝖽𝖾𝗌𝗌𝖾 𝗌𝖾𝗍𝗈𝗋 𝖼𝗈𝗆𝖾𝖼̧𝖺 𝖺 𝗆𝗈𝗌𝗍𝗋𝖺𝗋 𝗌𝗂𝗇𝖺𝗂𝗌 𝖽𝖾 𝗌𝖺𝗍𝗎𝗋𝖺𝖼̧𝖺̃𝗈. 𝖤𝗆 𝖺𝗅𝗀𝗎𝗆𝖺𝗌 𝖿𝗋𝖾𝗀𝗎𝖾𝗌𝗂𝖺𝗌 𝖽𝗈 𝖯𝗈𝗋𝗍𝗈 𝖾 𝖫𝗂𝗌𝖻𝗈𝖺, 𝗁𝖺́ 𝗆𝖺𝗂𝗌 𝖺𝗅𝗈𝗃𝖺𝗆𝖾𝗇𝗍𝗈𝗌 𝗅𝗈𝖼𝖺𝗂𝗌 𝖽𝗈 𝗊𝗎𝖾 𝖼𝖺𝗌𝖺𝗌 𝖽𝗂𝗌𝗉𝗈𝗇𝗂́𝗏𝖾𝗂𝗌 𝗉𝖺𝗋𝖺 𝗈𝗌 𝗉𝗈𝗋𝗍𝗎𝗀𝗎𝖾𝗌𝖾𝗌, 𝗈 𝗊𝗎𝖾 𝖺𝖼𝖺𝖻𝖺 𝗉𝗈𝗋 𝖽𝖾𝗌𝗋𝖾𝗀𝗎𝗅𝖺𝗋 𝗈 𝗇𝗈𝗋𝗆𝖺𝗅 𝖿𝗎𝗇𝖼𝗂𝗈𝗇𝖺𝗆𝖾𝗇𝗍𝗈 𝖽𝗈 𝗆𝖾𝗋𝖼𝖺𝖽𝗈 𝖾 𝖺𝗎𝗆𝖾𝗇𝗍𝖺𝗋 𝖽𝖾 𝖿𝗈𝗋𝗆𝖺 𝖾𝗑𝗉𝗈𝗇𝖾𝗇𝖼𝗂𝖺𝗅 𝗈𝗌 𝗉𝗋𝖾𝖼̧𝗈𝗌 𝖽𝖺𝗌 𝖼𝖺𝗌𝖺𝗌.

𝖠 𝖼𝗋𝗂𝗌𝖾 𝖽𝖺 𝗁𝖺𝖻𝗂𝗍𝖺𝖼̧𝖺̃𝗈 𝖾́, 𝗌𝖾𝗆 𝗌𝗈𝗆𝖻𝗋𝖺 𝖽𝖾 𝖽𝗎́𝗏𝗂𝖽𝖺𝗌, 𝗈 𝗆𝖺𝗂𝗈𝗋 𝖽𝖾𝗌𝖺𝖿𝗂𝗈 𝖽𝖺 𝗉𝗈𝗅𝗂́𝗍𝗂𝖼𝖺 𝗉𝗎́𝖻𝗅𝗂𝖼𝖺 𝖺𝗍𝗎𝖺𝗅. 𝖮 𝖿𝖾𝗇𝗈́𝗆𝖾𝗇𝗈 𝗇𝖺̃𝗈 𝖾́ 𝖽𝖾 𝖿𝖺́𝖼𝗂𝗅 𝗌𝗈𝗅𝗎𝖼̧𝖺̃𝗈, 𝗆𝖺𝗌 𝖺 𝗌𝗎𝖺 𝗋𝖾𝗌𝗈𝗅𝗎𝖼̧𝖺̃𝗈 𝖼𝗈𝗆𝖾𝖼̧𝖺 𝖼𝗈𝗆 𝗎𝗆 𝖽𝗂𝖺𝗀𝗇𝗈́𝗌𝗍𝗂𝖼𝗈 𝗉𝗋𝖾𝖼𝗂𝗌𝗈: 𝗈 𝗉𝗋𝗂𝗇𝖼𝗂𝗉𝖺𝗅 𝗉𝗋𝗈𝖻𝗅𝖾𝗆𝖺 𝖾́ 𝖺 𝖿𝖺𝗅𝗍𝖺 𝖽𝖾 𝗈𝖿𝖾𝗋𝗍𝖺 𝖾 𝗈 𝖾𝗑𝖼𝖾𝗌𝗌𝗈 𝖽𝖾 𝗍𝗎𝗋𝗂𝗌𝗆𝗈 𝗇𝖺̃𝗈 𝗉𝗈𝖽𝖾 𝗌𝖾𝗋 𝗍𝖾𝗆𝖺 𝗍𝖺𝖻𝗎. 𝖠 𝗌𝗈𝗅𝗎𝖼̧𝖺̃𝗈 𝖾𝗑𝗂𝗀𝖾 𝗎𝗆 𝖺𝗎𝗆𝖾𝗇𝗍𝗈 𝖽𝖺 𝗈𝖿𝖾𝗋𝗍𝖺 𝗉𝗎́𝖻𝗅𝗂𝖼𝖺, 𝗉𝗋𝗂𝗏𝖺𝖽𝖺 𝖾 𝖼𝗈𝗈𝗉𝖾𝗋𝖺𝗍𝗂𝗏𝖺, 𝖼𝗈𝗆 𝖺𝗉𝗈𝗂𝗈𝗌 𝖾𝗌𝗉𝖾𝖼𝗂́𝖿𝗂𝖼𝗈𝗌 𝖽𝗂𝗋𝖾𝖼𝗂𝗈𝗇𝖺𝖽𝗈𝗌 𝖺̀ 𝗉𝗋𝗈𝖼𝗎𝗋𝖺 𝖾 𝗎𝗆𝖺 𝗋𝖾𝗀𝗎𝗅𝖺𝗆𝖾𝗇𝗍𝖺𝖼̧𝖺̃𝗈 𝗅𝗈𝖼𝖺𝗅 𝖽𝗈 𝗍𝗎𝗋𝗂𝗌𝗆𝗈 – 𝗇𝗎𝗇𝖼𝖺 𝖼𝗈𝗆 𝗌𝗈𝗅𝗎𝖼̧𝗈̃𝖾𝗌 𝖼𝖾𝗇𝗍𝗋𝖺𝗅𝗂𝗓𝖺𝖽𝖺𝗌 𝖾𝗆 𝖫𝗂𝗌𝖻𝗈𝖺.

* Presidente da Federação Académica do Porto

IN "JORNAL ECONÓMICO" -19/08/24 .