CÁTIA MIRIAM COSTA

Que Europa é esta?

O que querem os cidadãos da UE? Uma Europa de valores democráticos e direitos humanos, capaz de disseminar esses valores de forma equivalente por todas as geografias? Ou uma Europa fortificada e, por consequência, com riscos de isolamento?

𝙰 𝚖𝚎𝚗𝚘𝚜 𝚍𝚎 𝚞𝚖 𝚖𝚎̂𝚜 𝚙𝚊𝚛𝚊 𝚊𝚜 𝚎𝚕𝚎𝚒𝚌̧𝚘̃𝚎𝚜 𝚍𝚘 𝙿𝚊𝚛𝚕𝚊𝚖𝚎𝚗𝚝𝚘 𝙴𝚞𝚛𝚘𝚙𝚎𝚞, 𝚟𝚎𝚖𝚘𝚜 𝚘𝚜 𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚊𝚍𝚘𝚜 –𝚖𝚎𝚖𝚋𝚛𝚘𝚜 𝚍𝚊 𝚘𝚛𝚐𝚊𝚗𝚒𝚣𝚊𝚌̧𝚊̃𝚘 𝚌𝚘𝚗𝚏𝚛𝚘𝚗𝚝𝚊𝚍𝚘𝚜 𝚌𝚘𝚖 𝚒𝚗𝚞́𝚖𝚎𝚛𝚘𝚜 𝚍𝚎𝚜𝚊𝚏𝚒𝚘𝚜. 𝙿𝚛𝚎𝚘𝚌𝚞𝚙𝚊𝚌̧𝚘̃𝚎𝚜 𝚊𝚗𝚝𝚒𝚐𝚊𝚜 𝚎 𝚎𝚜𝚙𝚎𝚕𝚑𝚊𝚍𝚊𝚜 𝚗𝚘𝚜 𝚖𝚞𝚒𝚝𝚘𝚜 𝚊𝚌𝚘𝚛𝚍𝚘𝚜 𝚚𝚞𝚎 𝚊 𝚄𝚗𝚒𝚊̃𝚘 𝙴𝚞𝚛𝚘𝚙𝚎𝚒𝚊 (𝚄𝙴) 𝚏𝚘𝚒 𝚐𝚒𝚣𝚊𝚗𝚍𝚘 𝚌𝚘𝚖 𝚘𝚞𝚝𝚛𝚊𝚜 𝚙𝚊𝚛𝚝𝚎𝚜 𝚍𝚘 𝚖𝚞𝚗𝚍𝚘, 𝚝𝚘𝚛𝚗𝚊𝚛𝚊𝚖-𝚜𝚎 𝚙𝚊𝚛𝚝𝚎 𝚍𝚊 𝚍𝚒𝚜𝚌𝚞𝚜𝚜𝚊̃𝚘 𝚒𝚗𝚝𝚎𝚛𝚗𝚊 𝚗𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚎𝚜 𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚊𝚍𝚘𝚜. 𝙴𝚗𝚝𝚛𝚎 𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚎𝚜 𝚝𝚎𝚖𝚊𝚜, 𝚝𝚊𝚕𝚟𝚎𝚣 𝚊𝚚𝚞𝚎𝚕𝚎 𝚚𝚞𝚎 𝚖𝚊𝚒𝚜 𝚜𝚎 𝚍𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚊𝚚𝚞𝚎 𝚜𝚎𝚓𝚊 𝚘 𝚍𝚊𝚜 𝚖𝚒𝚐𝚛𝚊𝚌̧𝚘̃𝚎𝚜, 𝚖𝚊𝚜 𝚎𝚡𝚒𝚜𝚝𝚎𝚖 𝚘𝚞𝚝𝚛𝚘𝚜 𝚚𝚞𝚎 𝚟𝚊̃𝚘 𝚍𝚎𝚜𝚍𝚎 𝚊𝚜 𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚛𝚊𝚝𝚎́𝚐𝚒𝚊𝚜 𝚍𝚎 𝚛𝚎𝚒𝚗𝚍𝚞𝚜𝚝𝚛𝚒𝚊𝚕𝚒𝚣𝚊𝚌̧𝚊̃𝚘 𝚍𝚊 𝙴𝚞𝚛𝚘𝚙𝚊 𝚊𝚝𝚎́ 𝚊𝚘𝚜 𝚙𝚛𝚘𝚋𝚕𝚎𝚖𝚊𝚜 𝚍𝚊 𝚊𝚞𝚝𝚘𝚗𝚘𝚖𝚒𝚊 𝚊𝚕𝚒𝚖𝚎𝚗𝚝𝚊𝚛 𝚘𝚞 𝚎𝚗𝚎𝚛𝚐𝚎́𝚝𝚒𝚌𝚊.

𝙽𝚞𝚖 𝚌𝚘𝚗𝚝𝚎𝚡𝚝𝚘 𝚒𝚗𝚝𝚎𝚛𝚗𝚊𝚌𝚒𝚘𝚗𝚊𝚕 𝚌𝚊𝚍𝚊 𝚟𝚎𝚣 𝚖𝚊𝚒𝚜 𝚌𝚘𝚖𝚙𝚕𝚎𝚡𝚘, 𝚜𝚞𝚛𝚐𝚎 𝚌𝚘𝚖 𝚊𝚕𝚐𝚞𝚖𝚊 𝚗𝚘𝚛𝚖𝚊𝚕𝚒𝚍𝚊𝚍𝚎 𝚘 𝚊𝚌𝚎𝚗𝚍𝚒𝚖𝚎𝚗𝚝𝚘 𝚍𝚎 𝚖𝚞𝚒𝚝𝚊𝚜 𝚚𝚞𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚘̃𝚎𝚜 𝚊𝚍𝚘𝚛𝚖𝚎𝚌𝚒𝚍𝚊𝚜 𝚗𝚘 𝚙𝚎𝚛𝚒́𝚘𝚍𝚘 𝚎𝚖 𝚚𝚞𝚎 𝚜𝚎 𝚊𝚌𝚛𝚎𝚍𝚒𝚝𝚊𝚟𝚊 𝚚𝚞𝚎 𝚊 𝚐𝚕𝚘𝚋𝚊𝚕𝚒𝚣𝚊𝚌̧𝚊̃𝚘 𝚎 𝚊 𝚒𝚗𝚝𝚎𝚛𝚍𝚎𝚙𝚎𝚗𝚍𝚎̂𝚗𝚌𝚒𝚊 𝚙𝚘𝚛 𝚜𝚒 𝚜𝚘́ 𝚊𝚜𝚜𝚎𝚐𝚞𝚛𝚊𝚛𝚒𝚊𝚖 𝚝𝚎𝚖𝚙𝚘𝚜 𝚍𝚎 𝚙𝚊𝚣. 𝙴́ 𝚌𝚎𝚛𝚝𝚘 𝚚𝚞𝚎 𝚊𝚜 𝚛𝚎𝚕𝚊𝚌̧𝚘̃𝚎𝚜 𝚌𝚘𝚖𝚎𝚛𝚌𝚒𝚊𝚒𝚜 𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚛𝚎𝚒𝚝𝚊𝚜 𝚎𝚗𝚝𝚛𝚎 𝚍𝚒𝚏𝚎𝚛𝚎𝚗𝚝𝚎𝚜 𝚙𝚊𝚛𝚝𝚎𝚜 𝚍𝚘 𝚖𝚞𝚗𝚍𝚘 𝚝𝚘𝚛𝚗𝚊𝚖 𝚘𝚜 𝚌𝚎𝚗𝚊́𝚛𝚒𝚘𝚜 𝚍𝚎 𝚙𝚊𝚣 𝚖𝚊𝚒𝚜 𝚊𝚝𝚛𝚊𝚝𝚒𝚟𝚘𝚜. 𝙲𝚘𝚖𝚘 𝚝𝚊𝚖𝚋𝚎́𝚖 𝚎́ 𝚟𝚎𝚛𝚍𝚊𝚍𝚎 𝚚𝚞𝚎 𝚊𝚜 𝚒𝚗𝚝𝚎𝚛𝚍𝚎𝚙𝚎𝚗𝚍𝚎̂𝚗𝚌𝚒𝚊𝚜 𝚐𝚎𝚛𝚊𝚖 𝚞𝚖𝚊 𝚖𝚊𝚒𝚘𝚛 𝚒𝚗𝚝𝚎𝚐𝚛𝚊𝚌̧𝚊̃𝚘 𝚍𝚘𝚜 𝚖𝚎𝚛𝚌𝚊𝚍𝚘𝚜 𝚎 𝚞𝚖 𝚒𝚗𝚝𝚎𝚛𝚎𝚜𝚜𝚎 𝚊𝚌𝚛𝚎𝚜𝚌𝚎𝚗𝚝𝚊𝚍𝚘 𝚗𝚊 𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚊𝚋𝚒𝚕𝚒𝚣𝚊𝚌̧𝚊̃𝚘 𝚍𝚊𝚜 𝚌𝚊𝚍𝚎𝚒𝚊𝚜 𝚕𝚘𝚐𝚒́𝚜𝚝𝚒𝚌𝚊𝚜.

𝙽𝚘 𝚛𝚎𝚒𝚗𝚘 𝚍𝚊 𝚒𝚖𝚙𝚛𝚎𝚟𝚒𝚜𝚒𝚋𝚒𝚕𝚒𝚍𝚊𝚍𝚎

𝙽𝚞𝚖 𝚌𝚎𝚗𝚊́𝚛𝚒𝚘 𝚍𝚎 𝚒𝚖𝚙𝚛𝚎𝚟𝚒𝚜𝚒𝚋𝚒𝚕𝚒𝚍𝚊𝚍𝚎 𝚝𝚞𝚍𝚘 𝚜𝚎 𝚝𝚛𝚊𝚗𝚜𝚏𝚘𝚛𝚖𝚊. 𝙴𝚜𝚝𝚎𝚜 𝚗𝚘𝚟𝚘𝚜 𝚎𝚗𝚚𝚞𝚊𝚍𝚛𝚊𝚖𝚎𝚗𝚝𝚘𝚜 𝚜𝚞𝚛𝚐𝚎𝚖 𝚙𝚘𝚛 𝚚𝚞𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚘̃𝚎𝚜 𝚍𝚒𝚟𝚎𝚛𝚜𝚊𝚜, 𝚚𝚞𝚎 𝚜𝚎 𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚎𝚗𝚍𝚎𝚖 𝚍𝚊𝚜 𝚊𝚕𝚝𝚎𝚛𝚊𝚌̧𝚘̃𝚎𝚜 𝚌𝚕𝚒𝚖𝚊́𝚝𝚒𝚌𝚊𝚜 𝚊𝚘𝚜 𝚙𝚛𝚘𝚋𝚕𝚎𝚖𝚊𝚜 𝚍𝚎 𝚌𝚘𝚗𝚏𝚕𝚒𝚝𝚘𝚜 𝚚𝚞𝚎 𝚜𝚞𝚛𝚐𝚎𝚖 𝚘𝚞 𝚛𝚎𝚜𝚜𝚞𝚛𝚐𝚎𝚖 𝚎 𝚊𝚏𝚎𝚝𝚊𝚖 𝚘 𝚌𝚘𝚗𝚝𝚎𝚡𝚝𝚘 𝚒𝚗𝚝𝚎𝚛𝚗𝚊𝚌𝚒𝚘𝚗𝚊𝚕.

𝙰𝚜 𝚍𝚒𝚜𝚛𝚞𝚙𝚌̧𝚘̃𝚎𝚜 𝚍𝚎 𝚜𝚎𝚐𝚞𝚛𝚊𝚗𝚌̧𝚊 𝚍𝚊𝚜 𝚛𝚘𝚝𝚊𝚜 𝚖𝚊𝚛𝚒́𝚝𝚒𝚖𝚊𝚜, 𝚙𝚘𝚛 𝚘𝚗𝚍𝚎 𝚜𝚎 𝚏𝚊𝚣 𝚊 𝚎𝚜𝚖𝚊𝚐𝚊𝚍𝚘𝚛𝚊 𝚖𝚊𝚒𝚘𝚛𝚒𝚊 𝚍𝚘 𝚌𝚘𝚖𝚎́𝚛𝚌𝚒𝚘, 𝚗𝚘 𝚌𝚊𝚜𝚘 𝚍𝚘 𝙲𝚊𝚗𝚊𝚕 𝚍𝚎 𝚂𝚞𝚎𝚣, 𝚍𝚎𝚟𝚒𝚍𝚘 𝚊𝚘𝚜 𝚊𝚝𝚊𝚚𝚞𝚎𝚜 𝚑𝚘𝚞𝚝𝚑𝚒𝚜, 𝚎 𝚗𝚘 𝚌𝚊𝚜𝚘 𝚍𝚘 𝙲𝚊𝚗𝚊𝚕 𝚍𝚘 𝙿𝚊𝚗𝚊𝚖𝚊́ 𝚙𝚘𝚛 𝚌𝚘𝚗𝚜𝚎𝚚𝚞𝚎̂𝚗𝚌𝚒𝚊 𝚍𝚊 𝚜𝚎𝚌𝚊 𝚚𝚞𝚎 𝚗𝚊̃𝚘 𝚊𝚕𝚒𝚖𝚎𝚗𝚝𝚊 𝚜𝚞𝚏𝚒𝚌𝚒𝚎𝚗𝚝𝚎𝚖𝚎𝚗𝚝𝚎 𝚘 𝚌𝚊𝚗𝚊𝚕 𝚙𝚊𝚛𝚊 𝚐𝚊𝚛𝚊𝚗𝚝𝚒𝚛 𝚊 𝚙𝚊𝚜𝚜𝚊𝚐𝚎𝚖 𝚛𝚎𝚐𝚞𝚕𝚊𝚛 𝚍𝚘𝚜 𝚗𝚊𝚟𝚒𝚘𝚜 𝚍𝚎 𝚖𝚊𝚒𝚘𝚛 𝚙𝚘𝚛𝚝𝚎, 𝚜𝚊̃𝚘 𝚎𝚡𝚎𝚖𝚙𝚕𝚘𝚜 𝚍𝚎 𝚌𝚎𝚗𝚊́𝚛𝚒𝚘𝚜 𝚚𝚞𝚎 𝚛𝚘𝚖𝚙𝚎𝚖 𝚌𝚘𝚖 𝚊 𝚗𝚘𝚛𝚖𝚊𝚕𝚒𝚍𝚊𝚍𝚎 𝚎 𝚊𝚏𝚎𝚝𝚊𝚖 𝚊𝚜 𝚌𝚊𝚍𝚎𝚒𝚊𝚜 𝚚𝚞𝚎 𝚊𝚜𝚜𝚎𝚐𝚞𝚛𝚊𝚖 𝚖𝚎𝚛𝚌𝚊𝚍𝚘𝚜 𝚏𝚕𝚞𝚒𝚍𝚘𝚜 𝚎 𝚒𝚗𝚝𝚎𝚐𝚛𝚊𝚍𝚘𝚜.

𝙰 𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚊𝚜 𝚙𝚘𝚜𝚜𝚒𝚋𝚒𝚕𝚒𝚍𝚊𝚍𝚎𝚜 𝚙𝚘𝚍𝚎𝚖-𝚜𝚎 𝚊𝚍𝚒𝚌𝚒𝚘𝚗𝚊𝚛 𝚘𝚞𝚝𝚛𝚊𝚜, 𝚌𝚘𝚖𝚘 𝚊𝚜 𝚚𝚞𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚘̃𝚎𝚜 𝚚𝚞𝚎 𝚜𝚞𝚛𝚐𝚎𝚖 𝚍𝚊 𝚌𝚘𝚖𝚙𝚎𝚝𝚒𝚌̧𝚊̃𝚘 𝚝𝚎𝚌𝚗𝚘𝚕𝚘́𝚐𝚒𝚌𝚊 𝚎 𝚌𝚘𝚖𝚎𝚛𝚌𝚒𝚊𝚕, 𝚎 𝚚𝚞𝚎 𝚜𝚎 𝚛𝚎𝚏𝚕𝚎𝚝𝚎𝚖 𝚗𝚊𝚜 𝚛𝚎𝚕𝚊𝚌̧𝚘̃𝚎𝚜 𝚙𝚘𝚕𝚒́𝚝𝚒𝚌𝚊𝚜. 𝙰 𝚐𝚕𝚘𝚋𝚊𝚕𝚒𝚣𝚊𝚌̧𝚊̃𝚘 𝚏𝚘𝚒 𝚐𝚒𝚣𝚊𝚍𝚊 𝚌𝚘𝚖𝚘 𝚞𝚖 𝚙𝚛𝚘𝚌𝚎𝚜𝚜𝚘 𝚍𝚎 𝚛𝚊𝚒𝚣 𝚎𝚌𝚘𝚗𝚘́𝚖𝚒𝚌𝚊 𝚚𝚞𝚎, 𝚝𝚛𝚊𝚍𝚒𝚌𝚒𝚘𝚗𝚊𝚕𝚖𝚎𝚗𝚝𝚎, 𝚏𝚊𝚟𝚘𝚛𝚎𝚌𝚒𝚊 𝚍𝚎𝚝𝚎𝚛𝚖𝚒𝚗𝚊𝚍𝚘𝚜 𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚊𝚍𝚘𝚜 𝚎𝚖 𝚍𝚎𝚝𝚛𝚒𝚖𝚎𝚗𝚝𝚘 𝚍𝚎 𝚘𝚞𝚝𝚛𝚘𝚜. 𝚃𝚘𝚍𝚊𝚟𝚒𝚊, 𝚊𝚌𝚊𝚋𝚘𝚞 𝚙𝚘𝚛 𝚏𝚊𝚟𝚘𝚛𝚎𝚌𝚎𝚛 𝚐𝚎𝚘𝚐𝚛𝚊𝚏𝚒𝚊𝚜 𝚊𝚝𝚎́ 𝚎𝚗𝚝𝚊̃𝚘 𝚖𝚎𝚗𝚘𝚜 𝚒𝚗𝚏𝚕𝚞𝚎𝚗𝚝𝚎𝚜 𝚗𝚘 𝚚𝚞𝚊𝚍𝚛𝚘 𝚒𝚗𝚝𝚎𝚛𝚗𝚊𝚌𝚒𝚘𝚗𝚊𝚕. 𝙰 𝚍𝚒𝚖𝚎𝚗𝚜𝚊̃𝚘 𝚍𝚘𝚜 𝚜𝚎𝚞𝚜 𝚖𝚎𝚛𝚌𝚊𝚍𝚘𝚜 𝚒𝚗𝚝𝚎𝚛𝚗𝚘𝚜, 𝚊 𝚜𝚞𝚊 𝚌𝚊𝚙𝚊𝚌𝚒𝚍𝚊𝚍𝚎 𝚍𝚎 𝚏𝚘𝚛𝚖𝚊𝚛 𝚎 𝚎𝚜𝚙𝚎𝚌𝚒𝚊𝚕𝚒𝚣𝚊𝚛 𝚖𝚊̃𝚘 𝚍𝚎 𝚘𝚋𝚛𝚊 𝚎, 𝚜𝚘𝚋𝚛𝚎𝚝𝚞𝚍𝚘, 𝚍𝚎 𝚜𝚎 𝚝𝚘𝚛𝚗𝚊𝚛𝚎𝚖 𝚎𝚜𝚜𝚎𝚗𝚌𝚒𝚊𝚒𝚜 𝚗𝚞𝚖 𝚙𝚛𝚘𝚌𝚎𝚜𝚜𝚘 𝚍𝚎 𝚒𝚗𝚌𝚛𝚎𝚖𝚎𝚗𝚝𝚘 𝚍𝚊𝚜 𝚒𝚗𝚝𝚎𝚛𝚍𝚎𝚙𝚎𝚗𝚍𝚎̂𝚗𝚌𝚒𝚊𝚜 𝚝𝚛𝚘𝚞𝚡𝚎 𝚊𝚕𝚐𝚞𝚖𝚊𝚜 𝚜𝚞𝚛𝚙𝚛𝚎𝚜𝚊𝚜 𝚎 𝚛𝚎𝚎𝚚𝚞𝚒𝚕𝚒́𝚋𝚛𝚒𝚘𝚜 𝚗𝚊 𝚛𝚎𝚕𝚊𝚌̧𝚊̃𝚘 𝚍𝚎 𝚏𝚘𝚛𝚌̧𝚊𝚜 𝚍𝚊 𝚐𝚕𝚘𝚋𝚊𝚕𝚒𝚣𝚊𝚌̧𝚊̃𝚘.

𝙰𝚕𝚐𝚞𝚗𝚜 𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚊𝚍𝚘𝚜 𝚝𝚘𝚛𝚗𝚊𝚛𝚊𝚖-𝚜𝚎 𝚙𝚘𝚝𝚎̂𝚗𝚌𝚒𝚊𝚜 𝚛𝚎𝚐𝚒𝚘𝚗𝚊𝚒𝚜, 𝚌𝚘𝚖𝚘 𝚘 𝙱𝚛𝚊𝚜𝚒𝚕, 𝚊 𝙸́𝚗𝚍𝚒𝚊 𝚘𝚞 𝚊 𝚃𝚞𝚛𝚚𝚞𝚒𝚊, 𝚙𝚊𝚛𝚊 𝚖𝚎𝚗𝚌𝚒𝚘𝚗𝚊𝚛 𝚊𝚙𝚎𝚗𝚊𝚜 𝚊𝚕𝚐𝚞𝚗𝚜. 𝙾𝚞𝚝𝚛𝚘𝚜 𝚙𝚎𝚛𝚌𝚎𝚋𝚎𝚛𝚊𝚖, 𝚊𝚝𝚎𝚖𝚙𝚊𝚍𝚊𝚖𝚎𝚗𝚝𝚎, 𝚚𝚞𝚎 𝚝𝚒𝚗𝚑𝚊𝚖 𝚗𝚊𝚜 𝚜𝚞𝚊𝚜 𝚖𝚊̃𝚘𝚜 𝚊 𝚌𝚑𝚊𝚟𝚎 𝚙𝚊𝚛𝚊 𝚞𝚖𝚊 𝚍𝚊𝚜 𝚝𝚛𝚊𝚗𝚜𝚒𝚌̧𝚘̃𝚎𝚜 𝚎𝚜𝚜𝚎𝚗𝚌𝚒𝚊𝚒𝚜 𝚙𝚊𝚛𝚊 𝚘 𝚖𝚞𝚗𝚍𝚘 𝚌𝚘𝚗𝚝𝚎𝚖𝚙𝚘𝚛𝚊̂𝚗𝚎𝚘, 𝚌𝚘𝚖𝚘 𝚎́ 𝚘 𝚌𝚊𝚜𝚘 𝚍𝚊 𝙰𝚛𝚊́𝚋𝚒𝚊 𝚂𝚊𝚞𝚍𝚒𝚝𝚊, 𝚍𝚘𝚜 𝙴𝚖𝚒𝚛𝚊𝚍𝚘𝚜 𝙰́𝚛𝚊𝚋𝚎𝚜 𝚄𝚗𝚒𝚍𝚘𝚜 𝚘𝚞 𝚖𝚎𝚜𝚖𝚘 𝚍𝚊 𝚁𝚞́𝚜𝚜𝚒𝚊. 𝙷𝚘𝚞𝚟𝚎 𝚊𝚒𝚗𝚍𝚊 𝚘 𝚌𝚊𝚜𝚘 𝚍𝚎 𝚞𝚖𝚊 𝚙𝚘𝚝𝚎̂𝚗𝚌𝚒𝚊 𝚎𝚖 𝚚𝚞𝚎 𝚍𝚘 𝚊̂𝚖𝚋𝚒𝚝𝚘 𝚛𝚎𝚐𝚒𝚘𝚗𝚊𝚕 𝚜𝚎 𝚝𝚘𝚛𝚗𝚘𝚞 𝚞𝚖 𝚊𝚝𝚘𝚛 𝚐𝚕𝚘𝚋𝚊𝚕, 𝚌𝚘𝚖𝚘 𝚊 𝙲𝚑𝚒𝚗𝚊.

𝙴𝚜𝚝𝚎𝚜 𝚗𝚘𝚟𝚘𝚜 𝚌𝚎𝚗𝚊́𝚛𝚒𝚘𝚜 𝚙𝚘𝚕𝚒́𝚝𝚒𝚌𝚘𝚜 𝚊𝚐𝚒𝚝𝚊𝚛𝚊𝚖 𝚊𝚜 𝚊́𝚐𝚞𝚊𝚜 𝚎𝚞𝚛𝚘𝚙𝚎𝚒𝚊𝚜 (𝚎 𝚗𝚊̃𝚘 𝚜𝚘́) 𝚎 𝚊𝚋𝚛𝚎𝚖 𝚗𝚘𝚟𝚘𝚜 𝚍𝚎𝚋𝚊𝚝𝚎𝚜 𝚊𝚝𝚎́ 𝚑𝚊́ 𝚙𝚘𝚞𝚌𝚘𝚜 𝚊𝚗𝚘𝚜 𝚒𝚖𝚙𝚎𝚗𝚜𝚊́𝚟𝚎𝚒𝚜. 𝙰 𝙴𝚞𝚛𝚘𝚙𝚊, 𝚑𝚊𝚋𝚒𝚝𝚞𝚊𝚍𝚊 𝚗𝚘𝚜 𝚞́𝚕𝚝𝚒𝚖𝚘𝚜 𝚜𝚎́𝚌𝚞𝚕𝚘𝚜 𝚊 𝚕𝚒𝚍𝚎𝚛𝚊𝚛 𝚘𝚜 𝚙𝚛𝚘𝚌𝚎𝚜𝚜𝚘𝚜 𝚝𝚛𝚊𝚗𝚜𝚏𝚘𝚛𝚖𝚊𝚝𝚒𝚟𝚘𝚜 𝚍𝚊 𝙾𝚛𝚍𝚎𝚖 𝙸𝚗𝚝𝚎𝚛𝚗𝚊𝚌𝚒𝚘𝚗𝚊𝚕 𝚎 𝚊𝚒𝚗𝚍𝚊 𝚜𝚎 𝚌𝚘𝚗𝚜𝚝𝚒𝚝𝚞𝚒𝚛 𝚎𝚗𝚚𝚞𝚊𝚗𝚝𝚘 𝚊𝚝𝚘𝚛 𝚐𝚕𝚘𝚋𝚊𝚕, 𝚍𝚎𝚙𝚊𝚛𝚊-𝚜𝚎 𝚌𝚘𝚖 𝚘 𝚏𝚊𝚌𝚝𝚘 𝚍𝚎, 𝚙𝚛𝚘𝚟𝚊𝚟𝚎𝚕𝚖𝚎𝚗𝚝𝚎, 𝚝𝚎𝚛 𝚚𝚞𝚎 𝚙𝚊𝚛𝚝𝚒𝚕𝚑𝚊𝚛 𝚎𝚜𝚜𝚊 𝚕𝚒𝚍𝚎𝚛𝚊𝚗𝚌̧𝚊 𝚌𝚘𝚖 𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚊𝚍𝚘𝚜 𝚏𝚘𝚛𝚊 𝚍𝚊 𝚌𝚑𝚊𝚖𝚊𝚍𝚊 𝚝𝚛𝚊𝚍𝚒𝚌̧𝚊̃𝚘 “𝚘𝚌𝚒𝚍𝚎𝚗𝚝𝚊𝚕”.

𝙴𝚜𝚝𝚎𝚜 𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚊𝚍𝚘𝚜 𝚚𝚞𝚎 𝚊𝚐𝚘𝚛𝚊 𝚜𝚎 𝚙𝚎𝚛𝚏𝚒𝚕𝚊𝚖 𝚙𝚊𝚛𝚊 𝚜𝚎𝚛 𝚙𝚊𝚛𝚝𝚎 𝚍𝚎 𝚞𝚖 𝚖𝚞𝚗𝚍𝚘 𝚖𝚞𝚕𝚝𝚒𝚙𝚘𝚕𝚊𝚛 𝚎 𝚙𝚛𝚘𝚙𝚘𝚗𝚍𝚘 𝚗𝚘𝚟𝚊𝚜 𝚏𝚘𝚛𝚖𝚊𝚜 𝚍𝚎 𝚖𝚞𝚕𝚝𝚒𝚕𝚊𝚝𝚎𝚛𝚊𝚕𝚒𝚜𝚖𝚘 𝚘𝚞, 𝚙𝚎𝚕𝚘 𝚖𝚎𝚗𝚘𝚜, 𝚍𝚎 𝚘𝚛𝚒𝚎𝚗𝚝𝚊𝚌̧𝚊̃𝚘 𝚍𝚎𝚜𝚜𝚎 𝚖𝚞𝚕𝚝𝚒𝚕𝚊𝚝𝚎𝚛𝚊𝚕𝚒𝚜𝚖𝚘, 𝚜𝚊̃𝚘 𝚎𝚖 𝚋𝚘𝚊 𝚙𝚊𝚛𝚝𝚎 𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚊𝚍𝚘𝚜 𝚛𝚎𝚜𝚞𝚕𝚝𝚊𝚗𝚝𝚎𝚜 𝚍𝚎 𝚙𝚛𝚘𝚌𝚎𝚜𝚜𝚘𝚜 𝚌𝚘𝚕𝚘𝚗𝚒𝚊𝚒𝚜, 𝚌𝚘𝚖𝚘 𝚜𝚊̃𝚘 𝚘𝚜 𝚌𝚊𝚜𝚘𝚜 𝚍𝚊 𝙰́𝚏𝚛𝚒𝚌𝚊 𝚍𝚘 𝚂𝚞𝚕, 𝚍𝚘 𝙱𝚛𝚊𝚜𝚒𝚕 𝚘𝚞 𝚍𝚊 𝙸́𝚗𝚍𝚒𝚊, 𝚎 𝚘𝚞𝚝𝚛𝚘𝚜 𝚛𝚎𝚜𝚞𝚕𝚝𝚊𝚖 𝚍𝚎 𝚒𝚖𝚙𝚎́𝚛𝚒𝚘𝚜 𝚏𝚘𝚛𝚊 𝚍𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚎 𝚎𝚜𝚙𝚎𝚝𝚛𝚘, 𝚖𝚊𝚜 𝚚𝚞𝚎 𝚍𝚞𝚛𝚊𝚗𝚝𝚎 𝚜𝚎́𝚌𝚞𝚕𝚘𝚜 𝚍𝚘𝚖𝚒𝚗𝚊𝚛𝚊𝚖 𝚟𝚊𝚜𝚝𝚊𝚜 𝚛𝚎𝚐𝚒𝚘̃𝚎𝚜, 𝚌𝚘𝚖𝚘 𝚎́ 𝚘 𝚌𝚊𝚜𝚘 𝚍𝚊 𝙲𝚑𝚒𝚗𝚊, 𝚍𝚊 𝚁𝚞́𝚜𝚜𝚒𝚊 𝚘𝚞 𝚍𝚊 𝚃𝚞𝚛𝚚𝚞𝚒𝚊.

𝙴𝚗𝚝𝚛𝚎 𝚘 𝚍𝚎𝚋𝚊𝚝𝚎 𝚒𝚗𝚝𝚎𝚛𝚗𝚘 𝚎 𝚊 𝚐𝚞𝚎𝚛𝚛𝚊

𝙾𝚞𝚝𝚛𝚘 𝚊𝚜𝚙𝚎𝚝𝚘 𝚍𝚒𝚕𝚊𝚌𝚎𝚛𝚊𝚗𝚝𝚎 𝚗𝚊 𝙴𝚞𝚛𝚘𝚙𝚊 𝚎́ 𝚊 𝚒𝚗𝚟𝚊𝚜𝚊̃𝚘 𝚍𝚊 𝚄𝚌𝚛𝚊̂𝚗𝚒𝚊 𝚙𝚎𝚕𝚊 𝚁𝚞́𝚜𝚜𝚒𝚊 𝚎 𝚊 𝚐𝚞𝚎𝚛𝚛𝚊 𝚚𝚞𝚎 𝚊 𝚙𝚊𝚛𝚝𝚒𝚛 𝚍𝚊𝚒́ 𝚜𝚎 𝚖𝚊𝚗𝚝𝚎𝚟𝚎. 𝙰𝚙𝚎𝚜𝚊𝚛 𝚍𝚘 𝚊𝚙𝚘𝚒𝚘 𝚊̀ 𝚄𝚌𝚛𝚊̂𝚗𝚒𝚊 𝚙𝚘𝚛 𝚙𝚊𝚛𝚝𝚎 𝚍𝚘𝚜 𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚊𝚍𝚘𝚜-𝚖𝚎𝚖𝚋𝚛𝚘𝚜 𝚍𝚊 𝚄𝚗𝚒𝚊̃𝚘 𝙴𝚞𝚛𝚘𝚙𝚎𝚒𝚊, 𝚘 𝚙𝚊𝚒́𝚜 𝚗𝚊̃𝚘 𝚕𝚘𝚐𝚛𝚘𝚞 𝚞𝚖𝚊 𝚟𝚒𝚝𝚘́𝚛𝚒𝚊 𝚖𝚒𝚕𝚒𝚝𝚊𝚛, 𝚗𝚎𝚖 𝚌𝚘𝚗𝚜𝚎𝚐𝚞𝚒𝚞 𝚞𝚖𝚊 𝚗𝚎𝚐𝚘𝚌𝚒𝚊𝚌̧𝚊̃𝚘 𝚍𝚒𝚙𝚕𝚘𝚖𝚊́𝚝𝚒𝚌𝚊 𝚚𝚞𝚎 𝚙𝚎𝚛𝚖𝚒𝚝𝚒𝚜𝚜𝚎 𝚍𝚒𝚛𝚒𝚖𝚒𝚛 𝚘 𝚌𝚘𝚗𝚏𝚕𝚒𝚝𝚘 𝚌𝚘𝚖 𝚌𝚘𝚗𝚍𝚒𝚌̧𝚘̃𝚎𝚜 𝚊𝚌𝚎𝚒𝚝𝚊́𝚟𝚎𝚒𝚜 𝚙𝚊𝚛𝚊 𝚊𝚜 𝚙𝚊𝚛𝚝𝚎𝚜.

𝙰 𝚄𝙴 𝚝𝚘𝚛𝚗𝚘𝚞-𝚜𝚎 𝚎𝚜𝚙𝚎𝚝𝚊𝚍𝚘𝚛𝚊 𝚍𝚎 𝚞𝚖𝚊 𝚐𝚞𝚎𝚛𝚛𝚊 𝚙𝚎𝚛𝚝𝚘 𝚍𝚊𝚜 𝚜𝚞𝚊𝚜 𝚏𝚛𝚘𝚗𝚝𝚎𝚒𝚛𝚊𝚜 𝚚𝚞𝚎 𝚕𝚎𝚟𝚊𝚗𝚝𝚘𝚞 𝚙𝚛𝚎𝚘𝚌𝚞𝚙𝚊𝚌̧𝚘̃𝚎𝚜 𝚌𝚘𝚖 𝚊 𝚜𝚞𝚊 𝚙𝚘𝚕𝚒́𝚝𝚒𝚌𝚊 𝚍𝚎 𝚍𝚎𝚏𝚎𝚜𝚊, 𝚝𝚎𝚖𝚊 𝚚𝚞𝚎, 𝚊𝚕𝚒𝚊́𝚜, 𝚟𝚒𝚗𝚑𝚊 𝚜𝚞𝚛𝚐𝚒𝚗𝚍𝚘 𝚗𝚘 𝚍𝚎𝚋𝚊𝚝𝚎 𝚎𝚞𝚛𝚘𝚙𝚎𝚞 𝚎𝚖 𝚝𝚎𝚖𝚙𝚘𝚜 𝚊𝚒𝚗𝚍𝚊 𝚍𝚎 𝚙𝚊𝚣. 𝙰𝚙𝚎𝚜𝚊𝚛 𝚍𝚊 𝚗𝚎𝚌𝚎𝚜𝚜𝚒𝚍𝚊𝚍𝚎 𝚍𝚎 𝚜𝚎 𝚊𝚛𝚝𝚒𝚌𝚞𝚕𝚊𝚛 𝚞𝚖𝚊 𝚙𝚘𝚕𝚒́𝚝𝚒𝚌𝚊 𝚍𝚎 𝚍𝚎𝚏𝚎𝚜𝚊 𝚌𝚘𝚖𝚞𝚖, 𝚊𝚝𝚎́ 𝚙𝚘𝚛𝚚𝚞𝚎 𝚊𝚜 𝚚𝚞𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚘̃𝚎𝚜 𝚍𝚎 𝚍𝚎𝚏𝚎𝚜𝚊 𝚕𝚒𝚐𝚊𝚖-𝚜𝚎 𝚍𝚒𝚛𝚎𝚝𝚊𝚖𝚎𝚗𝚝𝚎 𝚌𝚘𝚖 𝚊𝚜 𝚚𝚞𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚘̃𝚎𝚜 𝚎𝚌𝚘𝚗𝚘́𝚖𝚒𝚌𝚊𝚜 𝚎 𝚊 𝚙𝚛𝚘𝚝𝚎𝚌̧𝚊̃𝚘 𝚍𝚎 𝚛𝚘𝚝𝚊𝚜 𝚎 𝚍𝚎 𝚙𝚊𝚛𝚌𝚎𝚛𝚒𝚊𝚜 𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚛𝚊𝚝𝚎́𝚐𝚒𝚌𝚊𝚜, 𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚎 𝚍𝚎𝚋𝚊𝚝𝚎 𝚜𝚞𝚛𝚐𝚎 𝚙𝚎𝚕𝚊 𝚒𝚍𝚎𝚗𝚝𝚒𝚏𝚒𝚌𝚊𝚌̧𝚊̃𝚘 𝚍𝚎 𝚞𝚖𝚊 𝚊𝚖𝚎𝚊𝚌̧𝚊 𝚌𝚘𝚖𝚞𝚖.

𝙽𝚘 𝚌𝚊𝚜𝚘 𝚍𝚊 𝚐𝚞𝚎𝚛𝚛𝚊 𝚎𝚖 𝙶𝚊𝚣𝚊, 𝚚𝚞𝚎 𝚝𝚛𝚘𝚞𝚡𝚎 𝚒𝚖𝚙𝚊𝚌𝚝𝚘𝚜 𝚍𝚒𝚛𝚎𝚝𝚘𝚜 𝚊̀ 𝚜𝚎𝚐𝚞𝚛𝚊𝚗𝚌̧𝚊 𝚎𝚌𝚘𝚗𝚘́𝚖𝚒𝚌𝚊 𝚍𝚊 𝙴𝚞𝚛𝚘𝚙𝚊 𝚎 𝚚𝚞𝚎 𝚗𝚘 𝚏𝚞𝚝𝚞𝚛𝚘 𝚝𝚊𝚖𝚋𝚎́𝚖 𝚝𝚛𝚊𝚛𝚊́ 𝚖𝚞𝚒𝚝𝚘𝚜 𝚍𝚎𝚜𝚊𝚏𝚒𝚘𝚜 𝚊̀ 𝚜𝚎𝚐𝚞𝚛𝚊𝚗𝚌̧𝚊 𝚎𝚖 𝚝𝚎𝚛𝚖𝚘𝚜 𝚐𝚎𝚛𝚊𝚒𝚜, 𝚘 𝚊𝚜𝚜𝚞𝚗𝚝𝚘 𝚙𝚊𝚛𝚎𝚌𝚎 𝚜𝚎𝚛 𝚞𝚖 𝚝𝚎𝚖𝚊 𝚛𝚎𝚕𝚎𝚐𝚊𝚍𝚘 𝚙𝚊𝚛𝚊 𝚜𝚎𝚐𝚞𝚗𝚍𝚘 𝚙𝚕𝚊𝚗𝚘. 𝙲𝚘𝚖𝚘 𝚜𝚎 𝚊 𝚜𝚞𝚊 𝚙𝚛𝚘𝚡𝚒𝚖𝚒𝚍𝚊𝚍𝚎 𝚊𝚝𝚛𝚊𝚟𝚎́𝚜 𝚍𝚘 𝙼𝚎𝚍𝚒𝚝𝚎𝚛𝚛𝚊̂𝚗𝚎𝚘 𝚊̀𝚜 𝚏𝚛𝚘𝚗𝚝𝚎𝚒𝚛𝚊𝚜 𝚎𝚞𝚛𝚘𝚙𝚎𝚒𝚊𝚜 𝚗𝚊̃𝚘 𝚏𝚘𝚜𝚜𝚎, 𝚜𝚘́ 𝚙𝚘𝚛 𝚜𝚒, 𝚞𝚖 𝚒𝚗𝚍𝚒𝚌𝚊𝚍𝚘𝚛 𝚍𝚎 𝚒𝚗𝚌𝚛𝚎𝚖𝚎𝚗𝚝𝚘 𝚍𝚎 𝚟𝚘𝚕𝚊𝚝𝚒𝚕𝚒𝚍𝚊𝚍𝚎 𝚍𝚊 𝚜𝚎𝚐𝚞𝚛𝚊𝚗𝚌̧𝚊, 𝚖𝚎𝚜𝚖𝚘 𝚜𝚎𝚖 𝚘𝚕𝚑𝚊𝚛𝚖𝚘𝚜 𝚙𝚊𝚛𝚊 𝚘 𝚖𝚊𝚒𝚘𝚛 𝚍𝚛𝚊𝚖𝚊 𝚑𝚞𝚖𝚊𝚗𝚒𝚝𝚊́𝚛𝚒𝚘 𝚊 𝚚𝚞𝚎 𝚓𝚊́ 𝚊𝚜𝚜𝚒𝚜𝚝𝚒𝚖𝚘𝚜 𝚗𝚘 𝚜𝚎́𝚌𝚞𝚕𝚘 𝚇𝚇𝙸.

𝙴𝚜𝚝𝚊 𝚙𝚎𝚛𝚜𝚙𝚎𝚝𝚒𝚟𝚊 𝚍𝚎 𝚊𝚖𝚎𝚊𝚌̧𝚊 𝚊𝚙𝚊𝚛𝚎𝚌𝚎 𝚍𝚒𝚜𝚙𝚎𝚛𝚜𝚊 𝚎𝚖 𝚖𝚞𝚒𝚝𝚘𝚜 𝚌𝚊𝚖𝚙𝚘𝚜 𝚎 𝚗𝚊̃𝚘 𝚊𝚙𝚎𝚗𝚊𝚜 𝚗𝚘 𝚖𝚒𝚕𝚒𝚝𝚊𝚛, 𝚎 𝚎́ 𝚖𝚞𝚒𝚝𝚊𝚜 𝚟𝚎𝚣𝚎𝚜 𝚍𝚒𝚛𝚎𝚌𝚒𝚘𝚗𝚊𝚍𝚊 𝚎 𝚜𝚎𝚕𝚎𝚝𝚒𝚟𝚊. 𝙿𝚘𝚛 𝚎𝚡𝚎𝚖𝚙𝚕𝚘, 𝚊𝚜 𝚖𝚒𝚐𝚛𝚊𝚌̧𝚘̃𝚎𝚜 𝚜𝚊̃𝚘 𝚙𝚎𝚛𝚌𝚎𝚌𝚒𝚘𝚗𝚊𝚍𝚊𝚜 𝚌𝚘𝚖𝚘 𝚊𝚖𝚎𝚊𝚌̧𝚊, 𝚊 𝚌𝚘𝚖𝚙𝚎𝚝𝚒𝚌̧𝚊̃𝚘 𝚝𝚎𝚌𝚗𝚘𝚕𝚘́𝚐𝚒𝚌𝚊 𝚝𝚊𝚖𝚋𝚎́𝚖 𝚊𝚜𝚜𝚒𝚖 𝚎́ 𝚟𝚒𝚜𝚝𝚊. 𝙴, 𝚎𝚖𝚋𝚘𝚛𝚊, 𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚎𝚜 𝚎𝚕𝚎𝚖𝚎𝚗𝚝𝚘𝚜 𝚙𝚘𝚜𝚜𝚊𝚖 𝚌𝚘𝚗𝚜𝚝𝚒𝚝𝚞𝚒𝚛 𝚎𝚕𝚎𝚖𝚎𝚗𝚝𝚘𝚜 𝚍𝚎 𝚊𝚖𝚎𝚊𝚌̧𝚊, 𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚎𝚜 𝚎𝚗𝚌𝚘𝚗𝚝𝚛𝚊𝚖-𝚜𝚎 𝚎𝚖 𝚍𝚒𝚏𝚎𝚛𝚎𝚗𝚝𝚎𝚜 𝚗𝚒́𝚟𝚎𝚒𝚜 𝚍𝚎 𝚐𝚘𝚟𝚎𝚛𝚗𝚊𝚌̧𝚊̃𝚘 𝚎 𝚍𝚎 𝚎𝚗𝚝𝚎𝚗𝚍𝚒𝚖𝚎𝚗𝚝𝚘 𝚌𝚘𝚖𝚞𝚖 𝚎𝚗𝚝𝚛𝚎 𝚘𝚜 𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚊𝚍𝚘𝚜 𝚍𝚊 𝚄𝚗𝚒𝚊̃𝚘 𝙴𝚞𝚛𝚘𝚙𝚎𝚒𝚊. 𝙿𝚘𝚛 𝚒𝚜𝚜𝚘, 𝚗𝚘𝚜 𝚍𝚎𝚋𝚊𝚝𝚎𝚜 𝚎𝚕𝚎𝚒𝚝𝚘𝚛𝚊𝚒𝚜 𝚎́ 𝚏𝚊́𝚌𝚒𝚕 𝚒𝚗𝚜𝚝𝚊𝚕𝚊𝚛-𝚜𝚎 𝚊 𝚌𝚘𝚗𝚏𝚞𝚜𝚊̃𝚘 𝚜𝚘𝚋𝚛𝚎 𝚘 𝚚𝚞𝚎 𝚘𝚜 𝚎𝚞𝚛𝚘𝚍𝚎𝚙𝚞𝚝𝚊𝚍𝚘𝚜 𝚙𝚘𝚍𝚎𝚛𝚊̃𝚘 𝚏𝚊𝚣𝚎𝚛 𝚗𝚘 𝚊̂𝚖𝚋𝚒𝚝𝚘 𝚍𝚘 𝙿𝚊𝚛𝚕𝚊𝚖𝚎𝚗𝚝𝚘 𝙴𝚞𝚛𝚘𝚙𝚎𝚞 𝚎 𝚚𝚞𝚊𝚒𝚜 𝚘𝚜 𝚟𝚎𝚛𝚍𝚊𝚍𝚎𝚒𝚛𝚘𝚜 𝚛𝚒𝚜𝚌𝚘𝚜 𝚍𝚘 𝚌𝚛𝚎𝚜𝚌𝚒𝚖𝚎𝚗𝚝𝚘 𝚍𝚘 𝚙𝚘𝚙𝚞𝚕𝚒𝚜𝚖𝚘 𝚎𝚡𝚝𝚛𝚎𝚖𝚒𝚜𝚝𝚊 𝚗𝚘 𝚙𝚊𝚛𝚕𝚊𝚖𝚎𝚗𝚝𝚘.

𝚀𝚞𝚎 𝙴𝚞𝚛𝚘𝚙𝚊 𝚚𝚞𝚎𝚛𝚎𝚖𝚘𝚜?

𝙰 𝚐𝚛𝚊𝚗𝚍𝚎 𝚚𝚞𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚊̃𝚘 𝚚𝚞𝚎 𝚜𝚎 𝚌𝚘𝚕𝚘𝚌𝚊 𝚎́ 𝚚𝚞𝚎 𝙴𝚞𝚛𝚘𝚙𝚊 𝚘𝚜 𝚌𝚒𝚍𝚊𝚍𝚊̃𝚘𝚜 𝚍𝚊 𝚄𝚗𝚒𝚊̃𝚘 𝚚𝚞𝚎𝚛𝚎𝚖. 𝚄𝚖𝚊 𝙴𝚞𝚛𝚘𝚙𝚊 𝚍𝚎 𝚟𝚊𝚕𝚘𝚛𝚎𝚜 𝚍𝚎𝚖𝚘𝚌𝚛𝚊́𝚝𝚒𝚌𝚘𝚜 𝚎 𝚍𝚒𝚛𝚎𝚒𝚝𝚘𝚜 𝚑𝚞𝚖𝚊𝚗𝚘𝚜, 𝚌𝚘𝚖 𝚌𝚊𝚙𝚊𝚌𝚒𝚍𝚊𝚍𝚎 𝚍𝚎 𝚊𝚐𝚒𝚛 𝚎𝚗𝚚𝚞𝚊𝚗𝚝𝚘 𝚊𝚝𝚘𝚛 𝚐𝚕𝚘𝚋𝚊𝚕 𝚎 𝚍𝚎 𝚍𝚒𝚜𝚜𝚎𝚖𝚒𝚗𝚊𝚛 𝚎𝚜𝚜𝚎𝚜 𝚟𝚊𝚕𝚘𝚛𝚎𝚜 𝚍𝚎 𝚏𝚘𝚛𝚖𝚊 𝚎𝚚𝚞𝚒𝚟𝚊𝚕𝚎𝚗𝚝𝚎 𝚙𝚘𝚛 𝚝𝚘𝚍𝚊𝚜 𝚊𝚜 𝚐𝚎𝚘𝚐𝚛𝚊𝚏𝚒𝚊𝚜? 𝙾𝚞 𝚞𝚖𝚊 𝙴𝚞𝚛𝚘𝚙𝚊 𝚏𝚘𝚛𝚝𝚒𝚏𝚒𝚌𝚊𝚍𝚊 𝚎, 𝚙𝚘𝚛 𝚌𝚘𝚗𝚜𝚎𝚚𝚞𝚎̂𝚗𝚌𝚒𝚊, 𝚌𝚘𝚖 𝚛𝚒𝚜𝚌𝚘𝚜 𝚍𝚎 𝚒𝚜𝚘𝚕𝚊𝚖𝚎𝚗𝚝𝚘?

𝙽𝚊̃𝚘 𝚎́ 𝚏𝚊́𝚌𝚒𝚕 𝚍𝚎𝚌𝚒𝚍𝚒𝚛, 𝚊𝚝𝚎́ 𝚙𝚘𝚛𝚚𝚞𝚎 𝚊𝚜 𝚎𝚡𝚙𝚎𝚛𝚒𝚎̂𝚗𝚌𝚒𝚊𝚜 𝚎 𝚑𝚒𝚜𝚝𝚘́𝚛𝚒𝚊 𝚍𝚘𝚜 𝚗𝚘𝚜𝚜𝚘𝚜 𝚍𝚒𝚟𝚎𝚛𝚜𝚘𝚜 𝚙𝚊𝚒́𝚜𝚎𝚜 𝚗𝚎𝚖 𝚜𝚎𝚖𝚙𝚛𝚎 𝚗𝚘𝚜 𝚊𝚙𝚛𝚘𝚡𝚒𝚖𝚊𝚖. 𝙾 𝚌𝚊𝚖𝚒𝚗𝚑𝚘 𝚙𝚊𝚛𝚊 𝚘 𝚊𝚙𝚛𝚘𝚏𝚞𝚗𝚍𝚊𝚖𝚎𝚗𝚝𝚘 𝚙𝚘𝚕𝚒́𝚝𝚒𝚌𝚘 𝚍𝚊 𝚄𝚗𝚒𝚊̃𝚘 𝙴𝚞𝚛𝚘𝚙𝚎𝚒𝚊, 𝚎𝚖 𝚚𝚞𝚎 𝚜𝚎 𝚒𝚗𝚜𝚎𝚛𝚎𝚖 𝚙𝚘𝚕𝚒́𝚝𝚒𝚌𝚊 𝚎𝚡𝚝𝚎𝚛𝚗𝚊 𝚎 𝚍𝚎 𝚍𝚎𝚏𝚎𝚜𝚊 𝚌𝚘𝚗𝚌𝚎𝚛𝚝𝚊𝚍𝚊𝚜, 𝚝𝚛𝚊𝚣 𝚍𝚎𝚜𝚊𝚏𝚒𝚘𝚜 𝚍𝚎 𝚌𝚘𝚗𝚟𝚎𝚛𝚐𝚎̂𝚗𝚌𝚒𝚊 𝚎𝚗𝚘𝚛𝚖𝚎𝚜 𝚚𝚞𝚎 𝚙𝚛𝚎𝚌𝚒𝚜𝚊𝚖 𝚍𝚎 𝚜𝚎𝚛 𝚍𝚎𝚋𝚊𝚝𝚒𝚍𝚘𝚜 𝚜𝚎𝚛𝚒𝚊𝚖𝚎𝚗𝚝𝚎.

𝙰𝚜𝚜𝚒𝚖, 𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚊𝚜 𝚎𝚕𝚎𝚒𝚌̧𝚘̃𝚎𝚜 𝚙𝚊𝚛𝚊 𝚘 𝙿𝚊𝚛𝚕𝚊𝚖𝚎𝚗𝚝𝚘 𝙴𝚞𝚛𝚘𝚙𝚎𝚞, 𝚎𝚖 𝚝𝚎𝚖𝚙𝚘𝚜 𝚍𝚎 𝚒𝚖𝚙𝚛𝚎𝚟𝚒𝚜𝚒𝚋𝚒𝚕𝚒𝚍𝚊𝚍𝚎, 𝚛𝚎𝚟𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚎𝚖-𝚜𝚎 𝚍𝚊 𝚖𝚊𝚒𝚘𝚛 𝚒𝚖𝚙𝚘𝚛𝚝𝚊̂𝚗𝚌𝚒𝚊, 𝚖𝚊𝚜 𝚝𝚊𝚖𝚋𝚎́𝚖 𝚎𝚡𝚒𝚐𝚎𝚖 𝚞𝚖 𝚍𝚎𝚋𝚊𝚝𝚎 𝚜𝚎́𝚛𝚒𝚘 𝚜𝚘𝚋𝚛𝚎 𝚊𝚜 𝚙𝚘𝚕𝚒́𝚝𝚒𝚌𝚊𝚜 𝚍𝚎𝚏𝚎𝚗𝚍𝚒𝚍𝚊𝚜 𝚙𝚎𝚕𝚘𝚜 𝚌𝚊𝚗𝚍𝚒𝚍𝚊𝚝𝚘𝚜 𝚊 𝚍𝚎𝚙𝚞𝚝𝚊𝚍𝚘𝚜. 𝙴, 𝚗𝚎𝚜𝚜𝚎 𝚍𝚎𝚋𝚊𝚝𝚎 𝚜𝚎́𝚛𝚒𝚘, 𝚍𝚎𝚟𝚎𝚛𝚊̃𝚘 𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚊𝚛 𝚍𝚒𝚟𝚎𝚛𝚜𝚊𝚜 𝚚𝚞𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚘̃𝚎𝚜.

𝙿𝚘𝚛 𝚎𝚡𝚎𝚖𝚙𝚕𝚘, 𝚌𝚘𝚖𝚘 𝚜𝚎 𝚙𝚛𝚎𝚝𝚎𝚗𝚍𝚎 𝚊𝚛𝚝𝚒𝚌𝚞𝚕𝚊𝚛 𝚊 𝙴𝚞𝚛𝚘𝚙𝚊 𝚜𝚘𝚌𝚒𝚊𝚕 𝚗𝚞𝚖 𝚌𝚘𝚗𝚝𝚎𝚡𝚝𝚘 𝚍𝚎 𝚌𝚘𝚖𝚙𝚎𝚝𝚒𝚌̧𝚊̃𝚘 𝚝𝚎𝚌𝚗𝚘𝚕𝚘́𝚐𝚒𝚌𝚊 𝚎 𝚎𝚌𝚘𝚗𝚘́𝚖𝚒𝚌𝚊? 𝙲𝚘𝚖𝚘 𝚜𝚎 𝚌𝚘𝚗𝚜𝚝𝚛𝚘́𝚒 𝚞𝚖 𝚖𝚎𝚌𝚊𝚗𝚒𝚜𝚖𝚘 𝚍𝚎 𝚍𝚎𝚏𝚎𝚜𝚊 𝚌𝚘𝚖𝚞𝚖 𝚚𝚞𝚎, 𝚖𝚊𝚒𝚜 𝚍𝚘 𝚚𝚞𝚎 𝚗𝚊 𝚐𝚞𝚎𝚛𝚛𝚊 𝚎 𝚗𝚊 𝚊𝚖𝚎𝚊𝚌̧𝚊, 𝚝𝚊𝚖𝚋𝚎́𝚖 𝚜𝚎 𝚏𝚘𝚚𝚞𝚎 𝚗𝚊 𝚖𝚊𝚗𝚞𝚝𝚎𝚗𝚌̧𝚊̃𝚘 𝚍𝚊 𝚙𝚊𝚣 𝚎 𝚗𝚘 𝚍𝚎𝚜𝚒𝚖𝚙𝚎𝚍𝚒𝚖𝚎𝚗𝚝𝚘 𝚍𝚊𝚜 𝚛𝚘𝚝𝚊𝚜 𝚌𝚘𝚖𝚎𝚛𝚌𝚒𝚊𝚒𝚜? 𝙲𝚘𝚖𝚘 𝚍𝚎𝚏𝚎𝚗𝚍𝚎𝚖𝚘𝚜 𝚘𝚜 𝚍𝚒𝚛𝚎𝚒𝚝𝚘𝚜 𝚑𝚞𝚖𝚊𝚗𝚘𝚜 𝚎 𝚊𝚜 𝚍𝚎𝚖𝚘𝚌𝚛𝚊𝚌𝚒𝚊𝚜 𝚎𝚖 𝚌𝚘𝚗𝚝𝚎𝚡𝚝𝚘𝚜 𝚍𝚒𝚏𝚎𝚛𝚎𝚗𝚝𝚎𝚜? 𝙲𝚘𝚖𝚘 𝚗𝚘𝚜 𝚙𝚘𝚜𝚒𝚌𝚒𝚘𝚗𝚊𝚖𝚘𝚜 𝚙𝚎𝚛𝚊𝚗𝚝𝚎 𝚘𝚜 𝚍𝚒𝚏𝚎𝚛𝚎𝚗𝚝𝚎𝚜 𝚌𝚘𝚗𝚏𝚕𝚒𝚝𝚘𝚜 𝚒𝚗𝚝𝚎𝚛𝚗𝚊𝚌𝚒𝚘𝚗𝚊𝚒𝚜? 𝙰𝚜𝚜𝚞𝚖𝚒𝚖𝚘𝚜 𝚍𝚒𝚟𝚎𝚛𝚐𝚎̂𝚗𝚌𝚒𝚊𝚜 𝚗𝚘 𝚗𝚘𝚜𝚜𝚘 𝚙𝚘𝚜𝚒𝚌𝚒𝚘𝚗𝚊𝚖𝚎𝚗𝚝𝚘 𝚛𝚎𝚕𝚊𝚝𝚒𝚟𝚊𝚖𝚎𝚗𝚝𝚎 𝚊𝚘𝚜 𝚌𝚘𝚗𝚏𝚕𝚒𝚝𝚘𝚜 𝚎𝚖 𝚌𝚞𝚛𝚜𝚘? 𝙲𝚘𝚖𝚘 𝚙𝚘𝚍𝚎𝚖𝚘𝚜 𝚌𝚘𝚗𝚜𝚝𝚛𝚞𝚒𝚛 𝚞𝚖𝚊 𝚛𝚎𝚒𝚗𝚍𝚞𝚜𝚝𝚛𝚒𝚊𝚕𝚒𝚣𝚊𝚌̧𝚊̃𝚘 𝚎𝚞𝚛𝚘𝚙𝚎𝚒𝚊, 𝚗𝚞𝚖 𝚌𝚘𝚗𝚝𝚎𝚡𝚝𝚘 𝚍𝚎 𝚎𝚜𝚌𝚊𝚜𝚜𝚎𝚣 𝚎𝚗𝚎𝚛𝚐𝚎́𝚝𝚒𝚌𝚊 𝚗𝚊 𝙴𝚞𝚛𝚘𝚙𝚊?

𝙰𝚝𝚎́ 𝚊𝚐𝚘𝚛𝚊, 𝚘 𝚟𝚒𝚐𝚘𝚛 𝚍𝚊 𝚄𝚗𝚒𝚊̃𝚘 𝙴𝚞𝚛𝚘𝚙𝚎𝚒𝚊 𝚎𝚗𝚌𝚘𝚗𝚝𝚛𝚘𝚞-𝚜𝚎 𝚎𝚡𝚊𝚝𝚊𝚖𝚎𝚗𝚝𝚎 𝚗𝚊 𝚍𝚎𝚏𝚎𝚜𝚊 𝚍𝚘𝚜 𝚜𝚎𝚞𝚜 𝚟𝚊𝚕𝚘𝚛𝚎𝚜, 𝚖𝚊𝚜 𝚝𝚊𝚖𝚋𝚎́𝚖 𝚗𝚊 𝚊𝚍𝚊𝚙𝚝𝚊𝚌̧𝚊̃𝚘 𝚊𝚘𝚜 𝚗𝚘𝚟𝚘𝚜 𝚝𝚎𝚖𝚙𝚘𝚜, 𝚜𝚎𝚖 𝚍𝚎𝚒𝚡𝚊𝚛 𝚌𝚊𝚒𝚛 𝚘 𝚜𝚎𝚞 𝚒𝚍𝚎𝚊́𝚛𝚒𝚘 𝚙𝚛𝚒𝚗𝚌𝚒𝚙𝚊𝚕, 𝚞𝚖𝚊 𝙴𝚞𝚛𝚘𝚙𝚊 𝚙𝚊𝚌𝚒́𝚏𝚒𝚌𝚊, 𝚋𝚊𝚜𝚎𝚊𝚍𝚊 𝚗𝚘𝚜 𝚟𝚊𝚕𝚘𝚛𝚎𝚜 𝚑𝚞𝚖𝚊𝚗𝚒𝚝𝚊́𝚛𝚒𝚘𝚜 𝚎 𝚗𝚊 𝚍𝚎𝚏𝚎𝚜𝚊 𝚒𝚗𝚝𝚛𝚊𝚗𝚜𝚒𝚐𝚎𝚗𝚝𝚎 𝚍𝚎 𝚞𝚖𝚊 𝚖𝚊𝚒𝚘𝚛 𝚓𝚞𝚜𝚝𝚒𝚌̧𝚊 𝚒𝚗𝚝𝚎𝚛𝚗𝚊𝚌𝚒𝚘𝚗𝚊𝚕.

𝙰𝚒́ 𝚘𝚜 𝚙𝚘𝚙𝚞𝚕𝚒𝚜𝚖𝚘𝚜 𝚗𝚊̃𝚘 𝚎𝚗𝚌𝚘𝚗𝚝𝚛𝚊𝚖 𝚎𝚜𝚙𝚊𝚌̧𝚘 𝚙𝚊𝚛𝚊 𝚜𝚘𝚋𝚛𝚎𝚟𝚒𝚟𝚎𝚛 𝚎 𝚊 𝚄𝚗𝚒𝚊̃𝚘 𝙴𝚞𝚛𝚘𝚙𝚎𝚒𝚊 𝚟𝚘𝚕𝚝𝚊𝚛𝚊́ 𝚊 𝚝𝚎𝚛 𝚘 𝚛𝚎𝚜𝚙𝚎𝚒𝚝𝚘 𝚒𝚗𝚝𝚎𝚛𝚗𝚊𝚌𝚒𝚘𝚗𝚊𝚕 𝚙𝚎𝚕𝚘 𝚚𝚞𝚊𝚕 𝚜𝚎 𝚙𝚊𝚞𝚝𝚘𝚞 𝚊𝚝𝚎́ 𝚑𝚘𝚓𝚎 𝚎𝚗𝚚𝚞𝚊𝚗𝚝𝚘 𝚊𝚝𝚘𝚛 𝚐𝚕𝚘𝚋𝚊𝚕 𝚒𝚗𝚝𝚎𝚛𝚗𝚊𝚌𝚒𝚘𝚗𝚊𝚕. 𝚂𝚊̃𝚘 𝚘𝚜 𝚝𝚎𝚛𝚖𝚘𝚜 𝚍𝚊 𝚌𝚘𝚗𝚜𝚝𝚛𝚞𝚌̧𝚊̃𝚘 𝚍𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚎 𝚒𝚍𝚎𝚊́𝚛𝚒𝚘 𝚚𝚞𝚎 𝚍𝚎𝚟𝚎𝚛𝚒𝚊𝚖 𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚊𝚛 𝚊𝚐𝚘𝚛𝚊 𝚎𝚖 𝚍𝚎𝚋𝚊𝚝𝚎 𝚙𝚊𝚛𝚊 𝚚𝚞𝚎 𝚜𝚎 𝚟𝚘𝚝𝚎 𝚎𝚖 𝚌𝚘𝚗𝚜𝚌𝚒𝚎̂𝚗𝚌𝚒𝚊. 𝙴𝚜𝚝𝚎𝚜 𝚜𝚊̃𝚘 𝚘𝚜 𝚟𝚎𝚛𝚍𝚊𝚍𝚎𝚒𝚛𝚘𝚜 𝚍𝚘𝚜𝚜𝚒𝚎̂𝚜 𝚚𝚞𝚎 𝚍𝚎𝚝𝚎𝚛𝚖𝚒𝚗𝚊𝚛𝚊̃𝚘 𝚘 𝚏𝚞𝚝𝚞𝚛𝚘 𝚘𝚞 𝚏𝚊𝚕𝚝𝚊 𝚍𝚎𝚜𝚝𝚎 𝚗𝚎𝚜𝚜𝚎 𝚜𝚘𝚗𝚑𝚘 𝚎𝚞𝚛𝚘𝚙𝚎𝚞 𝚚𝚞𝚎 𝚗𝚘𝚜 𝚝𝚛𝚘𝚞𝚡𝚎 𝚙𝚊𝚣, 𝚍𝚎𝚜𝚎𝚗𝚟𝚘𝚕𝚟𝚒𝚖𝚎𝚗𝚝𝚘 𝚎, 𝚝𝚊𝚖𝚋𝚎́𝚖, 𝚍𝚒𝚛𝚎𝚒𝚝𝚘𝚜 𝚜𝚘𝚌𝚒𝚊𝚒𝚜 𝚎 𝚌𝚞𝚕𝚝𝚞𝚛𝚊𝚒𝚜.

* Licenciada em Relações Internacionais e Mestre em Estudos Africanos pelo ISCSP – Universidade de Lisboa, com doutoramento em Literatura pela Universidade de Évora

IN "O JORNAL ECONÓMICO" -17/05(24 .