VICENTE FERREIRA

 .

A emigração dos jovens e

as políticas responsáveis

Portugal é um dos países da União Europeia com maior número de precários, quase metade dos jovens empregados. No ano passado, 56% dos trabalhadores recebiam um salário inferior a 1000 euros e, entre os jovens, a percentagem era de 65%. Não surpreende que Portugal seja o país da UE onde os jovens saem mais tarde de casa dos pais.

𝖬𝖺𝗂𝗌 𝖽𝖾 𝗆𝖾𝗍𝖺𝖽𝖾 𝖽𝗈𝗌 𝗃𝗈𝗏𝖾𝗇𝗌 𝖺 𝗍𝗋𝖺𝖻𝖺𝗅𝗁𝖺𝗋 𝖾𝗆 𝖯𝗈𝗋𝗍𝗎𝗀𝖺𝗅 𝖺𝖽𝗆𝗂𝗍𝖾 𝖾𝗆𝗂𝗀𝗋𝖺𝗋, 𝖽𝖾 𝖺𝖼𝗈𝗋𝖽𝗈 𝖼𝗈𝗆 𝗎𝗆𝖺 𝗌𝗈𝗇𝖽𝖺𝗀𝖾𝗆 𝗋𝖾𝖼𝖾𝗇𝗍𝖾 𝖽𝖺 𝖠𝗑𝗂𝗆𝖺𝗀𝖾. 𝖤𝗇𝗍𝗋𝖾 𝗈𝗌 𝗆𝖺𝗂𝗌 𝖽𝖾 𝗈𝗂𝗍𝗈𝖼𝖾𝗇𝗍𝗈𝗌 𝗃𝗈𝗏𝖾𝗇𝗌 𝖾𝗇𝗍𝗋𝖾 𝗈𝗌 𝟣𝟪 𝖾 𝗈𝗌 𝟥𝟦 𝖺𝗇𝗈𝗌 𝗊𝗎𝖾 𝗋𝖾𝗌𝗉𝗈𝗇𝖽𝖾𝗋𝖺𝗆 𝖺𝗈 𝗂𝗇𝗊𝗎𝖾́𝗋𝗂𝗍𝗈, 𝖺 𝗂𝗇𝗌𝗍𝖺𝖻𝗂𝗅𝗂𝖽𝖺𝖽𝖾 𝖿𝗂𝗇𝖺𝗇𝖼𝖾𝗂𝗋𝖺 𝖾 𝗈𝗌 𝗉𝗋𝗈𝖻𝗅𝖾𝗆𝖺𝗌 𝗇𝗈 𝖺𝖼𝖾𝗌𝗌𝗈 𝖺̀ 𝗁𝖺𝖻𝗂𝗍𝖺𝖼̧𝖺̃𝗈 𝗌𝖺̃𝗈 𝗈𝗌 𝗉𝗋𝗂𝗇𝖼𝗂𝗉𝖺𝗂𝗌 𝗆𝗈𝗍𝗂𝗏𝗈𝗌 𝖽𝖾 𝗉𝗋𝖾𝗈𝖼𝗎𝗉𝖺𝖼̧𝖺̃𝗈 𝖺𝗉𝗈𝗇𝗍𝖺𝖽𝗈𝗌.

𝖭𝗈 𝖤𝗑𝗉𝗋𝖾𝗌𝗌𝗈, 𝗈 𝖾𝖼𝗈𝗇𝗈𝗆𝗂𝗌𝗍𝖺 𝖯𝖾𝖽𝗋𝗈 𝖬𝖺𝗋𝗍𝗂𝗇𝗌 𝖾𝗌𝖼𝗋𝖾𝗏𝖾𝗎 𝗎𝗆 𝖺𝗋𝗍𝗂𝗀𝗈 𝖽𝖾 𝗈𝗉𝗂𝗇𝗂𝖺̃𝗈 𝖾𝗆 𝗊𝗎𝖾 𝗅𝖺𝗆𝖾𝗇𝗍𝖺 𝗈𝗌 “𝗇𝗂́𝗏𝖾𝗂𝗌 𝖽𝖾 𝖾𝗆𝗂𝗀𝗋𝖺𝖼̧𝖺̃𝗈 𝖾𝗅𝖾𝗏𝖺𝖽𝗈𝗌” 𝖾 𝖺𝗋𝗀𝗎𝗆𝖾𝗇𝗍𝖺 𝗊𝗎𝖾 “𝗍𝗋𝖺𝖻𝖺𝗅𝗁𝖺𝗋 𝖾𝗆 𝗏𝖺́𝗋𝗂𝗈𝗌 𝖽𝗈𝗌 𝗈𝗎𝗍𝗋𝗈𝗌 𝗉𝖺𝗂́𝗌𝖾𝗌 𝖾𝗎𝗋𝗈𝗉𝖾𝗎𝗌 𝗌𝗂𝗀𝗇𝗂𝖿𝗂𝖼𝖺, 𝖾𝗆 𝗀𝖾𝗋𝖺𝗅, 𝗇𝖺̃𝗈 𝗌𝗈́ 𝖽𝗈𝖻𝗋𝖺𝗋 𝗈𝗎 𝗍𝗋𝗂𝗉𝗅𝗂𝖼𝖺𝗋 𝗈 𝗌𝖺𝗅𝖺́𝗋𝗂𝗈 𝖽𝖾 𝖯𝗈𝗋𝗍𝗎𝗀𝖺𝗅, 𝗆𝖺𝗌 𝗍𝖺𝗆𝖻𝖾́𝗆 𝗍𝖾𝗋 𝖺𝖼𝖾𝗌𝗌𝗈 𝖺 𝖼𝗈𝗇𝗍𝗋𝖺𝗍𝗈𝗌 𝖽𝖾 𝗍𝗋𝖺𝖻𝖺𝗅𝗁𝗈 𝗆𝖺𝗂𝗌 𝖾𝗌𝗍𝖺́𝗏𝖾𝗂𝗌, 𝖼𝖺𝗋𝗀𝖺𝗌 𝖿𝗂𝗌𝖼𝖺𝗂𝗌 𝗆𝖺𝗂𝗌 𝖻𝖺𝗂𝗑𝖺𝗌, 𝗆𝖾𝗅𝗁𝗈𝗋𝖾𝗌 𝗌𝖾𝗋𝗏𝗂𝖼̧𝗈𝗌 𝗉𝗎́𝖻𝗅𝗂𝖼𝗈𝗌, 𝗆𝖾𝗇𝗈𝗌 𝗂𝗇𝖼𝖾𝗋𝗍𝖾𝗓𝖺𝗌 𝗌𝗈𝖻𝗋𝖾 𝗉𝖾𝗇𝗌𝗈̃𝖾𝗌 𝖾 𝗁𝖺𝖻𝗂𝗍𝖺𝖼̧𝖺̃𝗈 𝖺 𝗉𝗋𝖾𝖼̧𝗈𝗌 𝗆𝖺𝗂𝗌 𝖺𝖼𝖾𝗌𝗌𝗂́𝗏𝖾𝗂𝗌.”

𝖮 𝖽𝗂𝖺𝗀𝗇𝗈́𝗌𝗍𝗂𝖼𝗈 𝖾́ 𝗆𝖺𝗂𝗈𝗋𝗂𝗍𝖺𝗋𝗂𝖺𝗆𝖾𝗇𝗍𝖾 𝖺𝖼𝖾𝗋𝗍𝖺𝖽𝗈: 𝖾𝗆𝖻𝗈𝗋𝖺 𝗇𝖺̃𝗈 𝗌𝖾𝗃𝖺 𝗏𝖾𝗋𝖽𝖺𝖽𝖾 𝗊𝗎𝖾 𝖺 𝖼𝖺𝗋𝗀𝖺 𝖿𝗂𝗌𝖼𝖺𝗅 𝗌𝖾𝗃𝖺 𝗆𝖺𝗂𝗈𝗋 𝖾𝗆 𝖯𝗈𝗋𝗍𝗎𝗀𝖺𝗅 𝖽𝗈 𝗊𝗎𝖾 𝗇𝗈𝗎𝗍𝗋𝗈𝗌 𝖽𝖾𝗌𝗍𝗂𝗇𝗈𝗌 (𝗇𝖺 𝗏𝖾𝗋𝖽𝖺𝖽𝖾, 𝗈 𝖨𝖱𝖲 𝗉𝖺𝗀𝗈 𝗉𝗈𝗋 𝗎𝗆 𝗌𝖺𝗅𝖺́𝗋𝗂𝗈 𝗆𝖾́𝖽𝗂𝗈 𝖾𝗆 𝖯𝗈𝗋𝗍𝗎𝗀𝖺𝗅 𝖾́ 𝖻𝖺𝗌𝗍𝖺𝗇𝗍𝖾 𝗂𝗇𝖿𝖾𝗋𝗂𝗈𝗋 𝖺̀ 𝗆𝖾́𝖽𝗂𝖺 𝖾𝗎𝗋𝗈𝗉𝖾𝗂𝖺), 𝗏𝖺́𝗋𝗂𝗈𝗌 𝖽𝗈𝗌 𝖿𝖺𝗍𝗈𝗋𝖾𝗌 𝗅𝗂𝗌𝗍𝖺𝖽𝗈𝗌 𝗌𝖺̃𝗈 𝗋𝖾𝗅𝖾𝗏𝖺𝗇𝗍𝖾𝗌. 𝖮 𝗊𝗎𝖾 𝖯𝖾𝖽𝗋𝗈 𝖬𝖺𝗋𝗍𝗂𝗇𝗌 𝗈𝗆𝗂𝗍𝖾 𝗌𝖺̃𝗈 𝗈𝗌 𝗋𝖾𝗌𝗉𝗈𝗇𝗌𝖺́𝗏𝖾𝗂𝗌 𝗉𝗈𝗅𝗂́𝗍𝗂𝖼𝗈𝗌 𝗉𝖾𝗅𝖺𝗌 𝖼𝗈𝗇𝖽𝗂𝖼̧𝗈̃𝖾𝗌 𝗊𝗎𝖾 𝖺 𝖾𝖼𝗈𝗇𝗈𝗆𝗂𝖺 𝗉𝗈𝗋𝗍𝗎𝗀𝗎𝖾𝗌𝖺 𝗈𝖿𝖾𝗋𝖾𝖼𝖾 𝗁𝗈𝗃𝖾 𝖺𝗈𝗌 𝗃𝗈𝗏𝖾𝗇𝗌.

𝖬𝖺𝗋𝗍𝗂𝗇𝗌 𝖿𝗈𝗂 𝗌𝖾𝖼𝗋𝖾𝗍𝖺́𝗋𝗂𝗈 𝖽𝖾 𝖤𝗌𝗍𝖺𝖽𝗈 𝖽𝗈 𝖤𝗆𝗉𝗋𝖾𝗀𝗈 𝗇𝗈 𝗀𝗈𝗏𝖾𝗋𝗇𝗈 𝖽𝖾 𝖯𝖲𝖣 𝖾 𝖢𝖣𝖲 𝗅𝗂𝖽𝖾𝗋𝖺𝖽𝗈 𝗉𝗈𝗋 𝖯𝖺𝗌𝗌𝗈𝗌 𝖢𝗈𝖾𝗅𝗁𝗈. 𝖠𝗌 𝗋𝖾𝖿𝗈𝗋𝗆𝖺𝗌 𝖽𝖺 𝖳𝗋𝗈𝗂𝗄𝖺 𝖺𝗉𝗋𝗈𝗏𝖺𝖽𝖺𝗌 𝗇𝖾𝗌𝗌𝖾 𝗉𝖾𝗋𝗂́𝗈𝖽𝗈, 𝗊𝗎𝖾 𝗂𝗇𝖼𝗅𝗎𝗂́𝖺𝗆 𝖺 𝖿𝗅𝖾𝗑𝗂𝖻𝗂𝗅𝗂𝗓𝖺𝖼̧𝖺̃𝗈 𝖽𝗈𝗌 𝖽𝖾𝗌𝗉𝖾𝖽𝗂𝗆𝖾𝗇𝗍𝗈𝗌 𝖾 𝖺 𝖿𝖺𝖼𝗂𝗅𝗂𝗍𝖺𝖼̧𝖺̃𝗈 𝖽𝗈 𝗋𝖾𝖼𝗎𝗋𝗌𝗈 𝖺 𝖼𝗈𝗇𝗍𝗋𝖺𝗍𝗈𝗌 𝗉𝗋𝖾𝖼𝖺́𝗋𝗂𝗈𝗌, 𝖿𝗈𝗋𝖺𝗆 𝗏𝖾𝗇𝖽𝗂𝖽𝖺𝗌 𝖼𝗈𝗆𝗈 𝖺 𝗋𝖾𝖼𝖾𝗂𝗍𝖺 𝗉𝖺𝗋𝖺 𝗍𝗈𝗋𝗇𝖺𝗋 𝖺 𝖾𝖼𝗈𝗇𝗈𝗆𝗂𝖺 𝗆𝖺𝗂𝗌 𝖼𝗈𝗆𝗉𝖾𝗍𝗂𝗍𝗂𝗏𝖺. 𝖮 𝗋𝖾𝗌𝗎𝗅𝗍𝖺𝖽𝗈 𝖿𝗈𝗂 𝗆𝗎𝗂𝗍𝗈 𝖽𝗂𝖿𝖾𝗋𝖾𝗇𝗍𝖾: 𝗇𝖺̃𝗈 𝗌𝗈́ 𝗈 𝖽𝖾𝗌𝖾𝗆𝗉𝖾𝗇𝗁𝗈 𝖽𝖺 𝖾𝖼𝗈𝗇𝗈𝗆𝗂𝖺 𝗇𝖺̃𝗈 𝗆𝖾𝗅𝗁𝗈𝗋𝗈𝗎, 𝖺𝖼𝖾𝗇𝗍𝗎𝖺𝗇𝖽𝗈-𝗌𝖾 𝖺 𝖺𝗉𝗈𝗌𝗍𝖺 𝖾𝗆 𝗌𝖾𝗍𝗈𝗋𝖾𝗌 𝖽𝖾 𝖻𝖺𝗂𝗑𝖺 𝗉𝗋𝗈𝖽𝗎𝗍𝗂𝗏𝗂𝖽𝖺𝖽𝖾 𝖼𝗈𝗆𝗈 𝗈 𝗍𝗎𝗋𝗂𝗌𝗆𝗈, 𝖼𝗈𝗆𝗈 𝖯𝗈𝗋𝗍𝗎𝗀𝖺𝗅 𝗌𝖾 𝗍𝗈𝗋𝗇𝗈𝗎 𝗎𝗆 𝖽𝗈𝗌 𝗉𝖺𝗂́𝗌𝖾𝗌 𝖽𝖺 𝖴𝗇𝗂𝖺̃𝗈 𝖤𝗎𝗋𝗈𝗉𝖾𝗂𝖺 𝗈𝗇𝖽𝖾 𝗈 𝗋𝖾𝖼𝗎𝗋𝗌𝗈 𝖺 𝖼𝗈𝗇𝗍𝗋𝖺𝗍𝗈𝗌 𝖺 𝗍𝖾𝗋𝗆𝗈 𝖾́ 𝗆𝖺𝗂𝗈𝗋, 𝗌𝗈𝖻𝗋𝖾𝗍𝗎𝖽𝗈 𝖾𝗇𝗍𝗋𝖾 𝗈𝗌 𝗃𝗈𝗏𝖾𝗇𝗌. 𝖠𝗉𝖾𝗌𝖺𝗋 𝖽𝖺𝗌 𝖺𝗅𝗍𝖾𝗋𝖺𝖼̧𝗈̃𝖾𝗌 𝗅𝖾𝗀𝗂𝗌𝗅𝖺𝗍𝗂𝗏𝖺𝗌 𝖺𝗉𝗋𝗈𝗏𝖺𝖽𝖺𝗌 𝖽𝖾𝗌𝖽𝖾 𝗈 𝗉𝖾𝗋𝗂́𝗈𝖽𝗈 𝖽𝖺 𝖳𝗋𝗈𝗂𝗄𝖺, 𝖯𝗈𝗋𝗍𝗎𝗀𝖺𝗅 𝖼𝗈𝗇𝗍𝗂𝗇𝗎𝖺 𝖺 𝗌𝖾𝗋 𝗎𝗆 𝖽𝗈𝗌 𝗉𝖺𝗂́𝗌𝖾𝗌 𝖽𝖺 𝖴𝖤 𝖼𝗈𝗆 𝗆𝖺𝗂𝗈𝗋 𝗉𝖾𝗌𝗈 𝖽𝗈𝗌 𝗉𝗋𝖾𝖼𝖺́𝗋𝗂𝗈𝗌, 𝗊𝗎𝖾 𝖺𝖻𝗋𝖺𝗇𝗀𝖾𝗆 𝗊𝗎𝖺𝗌𝖾 𝗆𝖾𝗍𝖺𝖽𝖾 𝖽𝗈𝗌 𝗃𝗈𝗏𝖾𝗇𝗌 𝖾𝗆𝗉𝗋𝖾𝗀𝖺𝖽𝗈𝗌.

𝖠 𝗉𝗋𝖾𝖼𝖺𝗋𝗂𝖾𝖽𝖺𝖽𝖾 𝗍𝖾𝗏𝖾 𝗎𝗆 𝖾𝖿𝖾𝗂𝗍𝗈 𝖽𝖾 𝖼𝗈𝗆𝗉𝗋𝖾𝗌𝗌𝖺̃𝗈 𝖽𝗈𝗌 𝗌𝖺𝗅𝖺́𝗋𝗂𝗈𝗌, 𝗋𝖾𝖼𝗈𝗇𝗁𝖾𝖼𝗂𝖽𝗈 𝗉𝗈𝗋 𝗎𝗆 𝖾𝗌𝗍𝗎𝖽𝗈 𝖽𝖺 𝖢𝗈𝗆𝗂𝗌𝗌𝖺̃𝗈 𝖤𝗎𝗋𝗈𝗉𝖾𝗂𝖺 𝗊𝗎𝖾 𝖼𝗈𝗇𝖼𝗅𝗎𝗂𝗎 𝗊𝗎𝖾 𝖾𝗑𝗂𝗌𝗍𝖾 𝗎𝗆 𝖽𝗂𝖿𝖾𝗋𝖾𝗇𝖼𝗂𝖺𝗅 𝗌𝖺𝗅𝖺𝗋𝗂𝖺𝗅 𝖾𝗇𝗍𝗋𝖾 𝖼𝗈𝗇𝗍𝗋𝖺𝗍𝗈𝗌 𝗉𝗋𝖾𝖼𝖺́𝗋𝗂𝗈𝗌 𝖾 𝗉𝖾𝗋𝗆𝖺𝗇𝖾𝗇𝗍𝖾𝗌 𝖾 𝗊𝗎𝖾 𝖾𝗌𝗍𝖾 𝖾́ 𝗆𝖺𝗂𝗈𝗋 𝗇𝗈𝗌 𝗉𝖺𝗂́𝗌𝖾𝗌 𝖼𝗈𝗆 𝗆𝖺𝗂𝗈𝗋 𝗉𝖾𝗋𝖼𝖾𝗇𝗍𝖺𝗀𝖾𝗆 𝖽𝖾 𝗉𝗋𝖾𝖼𝖺́𝗋𝗂𝗈𝗌, 𝖼𝗈𝗆𝗈 𝖯𝗈𝗋𝗍𝗎𝗀𝖺𝗅. 𝖬𝖺𝗂𝗌: 𝗈 𝗍𝗋𝖺𝖻𝖺𝗅𝗁𝗈 𝖽𝖾 𝗂𝗇𝗏𝖾𝗌𝗍𝗂𝗀𝖺𝖼̧𝖺̃𝗈 𝖽𝖾 𝗍𝗋𝖾̂𝗌 𝖾𝖼𝗈𝗇𝗈𝗆𝗂𝗌𝗍𝖺𝗌 𝖽𝗈 𝖥𝖬𝖨 𝖺𝗉𝗈𝗇𝗍𝖺 𝗉𝖺𝗋𝖺 𝖺 𝖾𝗑𝗂𝗌𝗍𝖾̂𝗇𝖼𝗂𝖺 𝖽𝖾 𝗎𝗆𝖺 𝗋𝖾𝗅𝖺𝖼̧𝖺̃𝗈 𝖾𝗇𝗍𝗋𝖾 𝖺 𝖽𝖾𝗌𝗋𝖾𝗀𝗎𝗅𝖺𝖼̧𝖺̃𝗈 𝗅𝖺𝖻𝗈𝗋𝖺𝗅 𝖾 𝖺 𝗋𝖾𝖽𝗎𝖼̧𝖺̃𝗈 𝖽𝖺 𝗐𝖺𝗀𝖾 𝗌𝗁𝖺𝗋𝖾 – 𝖺 𝖿𝗋𝖺𝖼̧𝖺̃𝗈 𝖽𝗈 𝗋𝖾𝗇𝖽𝗂𝗆𝖾𝗇𝗍𝗈 𝗉𝗋𝗈𝖽𝗎𝗓𝗂𝖽𝗈 𝗇𝗎𝗆𝖺 𝖾𝖼𝗈𝗇𝗈𝗆𝗂𝖺 𝗊𝗎𝖾 𝖾́ 𝗋𝖾𝖼𝖾𝖻𝗂𝖽𝖺 𝗉𝖾𝗅𝗈 𝖿𝖺𝗍𝗈𝗋 𝗍𝗋𝖺𝖻𝖺𝗅𝗁𝗈, 𝗈𝗎, 𝗉𝗈𝗋 𝗈𝗎𝗍𝗋𝖺𝗌 𝗉𝖺𝗅𝖺𝗏𝗋𝖺𝗌, 𝖺 𝖿𝖺𝗍𝗂𝖺 𝖽𝗈 𝖻𝗈𝗅𝗈 𝗊𝗎𝖾 𝖼𝖺𝖻𝖾 𝖺𝗈𝗌 𝗍𝗋𝖺𝖻𝖺𝗅𝗁𝖺𝖽𝗈𝗋𝖾𝗌. 𝖭𝗈 𝖺𝗇𝗈 𝗉𝖺𝗌𝗌𝖺𝖽𝗈, 𝟧𝟨% 𝖽𝗈𝗌 𝗍𝗋𝖺𝖻𝖺𝗅𝗁𝖺𝖽𝗈𝗋𝖾𝗌 𝖾𝗆 𝖯𝗈𝗋𝗍𝗎𝗀𝖺𝗅 𝗋𝖾𝖼𝖾𝖻𝗂𝖺𝗆 𝗎𝗆 𝗌𝖺𝗅𝖺́𝗋𝗂𝗈 𝗂𝗇𝖿𝖾𝗋𝗂𝗈𝗋 𝖺 €𝟣𝟢𝟢𝟢 𝖾, 𝖾𝗇𝗍𝗋𝖾 𝗈𝗌 𝗃𝗈𝗏𝖾𝗇𝗌, 𝖺 𝗉𝖾𝗋𝖼𝖾𝗇𝗍𝖺𝗀𝖾𝗆 𝖾𝗋𝖺 𝖽𝖾 𝟨𝟧%.

𝖭𝗎𝗆 𝖼𝗈𝗇𝗍𝖾𝗑𝗍𝗈 𝖾𝗆 𝗊𝗎𝖾 𝗈𝗌 𝖼𝗎𝗌𝗍𝗈𝗌 𝖼𝗈𝗆 𝖺 𝗁𝖺𝖻𝗂𝗍𝖺𝖼̧𝖺̃𝗈 𝖽𝗂𝗌𝗉𝖺𝗋𝖺𝗋𝖺𝗆 – 𝗈 𝗋𝖾𝗌𝗎𝗅𝗍𝖺𝖽𝗈 𝖽𝖺 𝖾𝗌𝗍𝗋𝖺𝗍𝖾́𝗀𝗂𝖺 𝖽𝖾 𝗅𝗂𝖻𝖾𝗋𝖺𝗅𝗂𝗓𝖺𝖼̧𝖺̃𝗈 𝖽𝗈 𝗆𝖾𝗋𝖼𝖺𝖽𝗈 𝖾 𝖽𝖾 𝗂𝗇𝖼𝖾𝗇𝗍𝗂𝗏𝗈 𝖺𝗈 𝗂𝗇𝗏𝖾𝗌𝗍𝗂𝗆𝖾𝗇𝗍𝗈 𝖾𝗌𝗍𝗋𝖺𝗇𝗀𝖾𝗂𝗋𝗈 𝖺𝗉𝗅𝗂𝖼𝖺𝖽𝖺 𝗉𝖾𝗅𝗈𝗌 𝗌𝗎𝖼𝖾𝗌𝗌𝗂𝗏𝗈𝗌 𝗀𝗈𝗏𝖾𝗋𝗇𝗈𝗌 𝗇𝖾𝗌𝗍𝖾 𝗉𝖾𝗋𝗂́𝗈𝖽𝗈 – 𝗇𝖺̃𝗈 𝗌𝗎𝗋𝗉𝗋𝖾𝖾𝗇𝖽𝖾 𝗊𝗎𝖾 𝖯𝗈𝗋𝗍𝗎𝗀𝖺𝗅 𝗌𝖾𝗃𝖺 𝗈 𝗉𝖺𝗂́𝗌 𝖽𝖺 𝖴𝖤 𝗈𝗇𝖽𝖾 𝗈𝗌 𝗃𝗈𝗏𝖾𝗇𝗌 𝗌𝖺𝖾𝗆 𝗆𝖺𝗂𝗌 𝗍𝖺𝗋𝖽𝖾 𝖽𝖾 𝖼𝖺𝗌𝖺 𝖽𝗈𝗌 𝗉𝖺𝗂𝗌 𝖾 𝗊𝗎𝖾 𝟥𝟣% 𝖽𝗈𝗌 𝗆𝗂𝗅𝗅𝖾𝗇𝗇𝗂𝖺𝗅𝗌 (𝗇𝖺𝗌𝖼𝗂𝖽𝗈𝗌 𝖾𝗇𝗍𝗋𝖾 𝟣𝟫𝟪𝟤 𝖾 𝟣𝟫𝟫𝟦) 𝖾 𝟦𝟦% 𝖽𝗈𝗌 𝗀𝖾𝗇 𝖹 (𝗇𝖺𝗌𝖼𝗂𝖽𝗈𝗌 𝖾𝗇𝗍𝗋𝖾 𝟣𝟫𝟫𝟧 𝖾 𝟤𝟢𝟢𝟦) 𝖺𝖼𝗎𝗆𝗎𝗅𝖾𝗆 𝖽𝗈𝗂𝗌 𝖾𝗆𝗉𝗋𝖾𝗀𝗈𝗌 𝗉𝖺𝗋𝖺 𝖼𝗈𝗇𝗌𝖾𝗀𝗎𝗂𝗋 𝗉𝖺𝗀𝖺𝗋 𝖺𝗌 𝖼𝗈𝗇𝗍𝖺𝗌. 𝖤𝗆𝖻𝗈𝗋𝖺 𝗇𝖺̃𝗈 𝗌𝖾 𝗋𝖾𝖿𝗂𝗋𝖺 𝖺 𝗇𝖾𝗇𝗁𝗎𝗆 𝖽𝖾𝗌𝗍𝖾𝗌 𝗉𝗋𝗈𝖻𝗅𝖾𝗆𝖺𝗌, 𝗈 𝖺𝗋𝗍𝗂𝗀𝗈 𝖽𝖾 𝖯𝖾𝖽𝗋𝗈 𝖬𝖺𝗋𝗍𝗂𝗇𝗌 𝗍𝖾𝗋𝗆𝗂𝗇𝖺 𝖼𝗈𝗆 𝗎𝗆 𝖺𝗉𝖾𝗅𝗈 𝗉𝖺𝗋𝖺 “𝗆𝖾𝗅𝗁𝗈𝗋𝖺𝗋 𝖺𝗌 𝗉𝗈𝗅𝗂́𝗍𝗂𝖼𝖺𝗌 𝗉𝗎́𝖻𝗅𝗂𝖼𝖺𝗌”. 𝖤́ 𝖼𝖺𝗉𝖺𝗓 𝖽𝖾 𝗇𝖺̃𝗈 𝗌𝖾𝗋 𝗆𝖺́ 𝗂𝖽𝖾𝗂𝖺.

* Doutorando em Economia na Universidade de Sapienza, Roma

IN "gerador.eu" - 14/09/23 .